Table 2.

Poisson regression models examining the socio-ecological factors associated with viral suppression among transgender women living with HIV in California (N=253)

Socio-ecological domain and primary effect measure	Unadjusted Risk Ratio (95% CI)	Z	P-value	Adjusted Risk Ratio (95% CI) Models 1–7	Z	P-value
Individual and behavioral level factors
Injection drug use ever	0.78 (0.65–0.94)	−2.55	0.011	0.78 (0.65–0.93)	−2.64	0.008
Methamphetamine use~	0.62 (0.49–0.79)	−3.83	0.000	0.65 (0.51–0.83)	−3.45	0.001
Amphetamine (e.g., Crank, Speed, Adderall) use~	0.60 (0.43–0.84)	−2.96	0.003	0.62 (0.44–0.87)	−2.75	0.006
Polysubstance use (i.e., three or more drugs) ~	0.76 (0.58–0.99)	−2.00	0.046	0.77 (0.59–1.01)	−1.88	0.060
Interpersonal and social level factors
Importance of correct pronoun use/social gender affirmation	1.01 (1.00–1.03)	2.21	0.027	1.01 (0.99–1.03)	1.75	0.079
Structural level factors
Experienced homelessness^	0.71 (0.58–0.87)	−3.18	0.001	0.79 (0.63–0.98)	−2.06	0.039
Engaged in sex work^	0.58 (0.40–0.83)	−2.90	0.004	0.60 (0.41–0.86)	−2.77	0.009

Notes:

All adjusted models controlled for study site (San Francisco versus Los Angeles), age in years, race/ethnicity, having seen and HIV care provider in the past six months and currently being on anti-retroviral therapy at baseline

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; and RR, risk ratio

^~past three months

^{^}past six months

Model 1_Total effect of injection drug use in the past three months on viral suppression

Model 2_Total effect of methamphetamine use in the past three months on viral suppression

Model 3_Total effect of amphetamine use in the past three months on viral suppression

Model 4_Total effect of polysubstance use in the past three months on viral suppression

Model 5_Total effect of importance of correct pronoun usage on viral suppression

Model 6_Total effect of homelessness in the past six months on viral suppression

Model 7_Total effect of sex work in the past six months on viral suppression