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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Health Commun. 2023 Jan 22;39(3):482–492. doi: 10.1080/10410236.2023.2170199

Table 3.

Linear regression results for models of caregiver distance from hospice care-recipient

Model 1 Model 2 Model 3
Caregiver Distance (ref = Co-reside)
Less than 1 hour away −6.298 ** −8.232 ** −7.716 **
(2.129) (2.560) (2.855)
More than 1 hour away −4.417 −6.394 −5.836
(4.579) (4.867) (5.108)
Relationship (ref = Adult Child)
Spouse/Partner −3.386 −3.135
(3.194) (3.222)
Other relative 6.855 6.885
(3.760) (3.796)
Other non-relative −5.299 −5.194
(3.438) (3.452)
Age 0.284 ** 0.250 *
(0.107) (0.108)
Race (ref = White)
Black/African American 5.567 * 4.733
(2.804) (2.880)
Other Race 4.621 3.230
(5.238) (5.318)
Male (ref = female) −2.421 −2.794
(2.580) (2.585)
Education (ref = High school or less)
Some college 0.577 0.808
(2.979) (2.986)
Undergraduate or higher −3.751 −3.197
(2.826) (2.837)
Other Education 11.681
(21.607)
Marital status (ref = Partnered)
Single, never partnered −5.834 −5.965
(3.407) (3.388)
Widowed −4.574 −4.636
(3.930) (3.900)
Divorced/separated −1.261 −0.226
(3.679) (3.828)
Other Marital 2.362 2.625
(12.562) (12.476)
Physical health 0.747 0.599
(0.501) (0.515)
Patient residence (ref = Private residence)
Nursing home 0.199
(3.370)
Other Residence −0.373
(4.674)
Hospice days 0.135
(0.100)
N. obs. 518 427 419
R squared 0.017 0.120 0.112
F statistic 4.462 3.101 2.520
P value 0.012 0.000 0.000
***

p < 0.001

**

p < 0.01

*

p < 0.05.