Table 2.
Multivariate analysis to determine factors associated with migraine in medical students participating in the study (n = 327).
| Characteristics | Crude model |
P-value | Adjusted model |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PR (95% CI) | PR (95% CI) | |||
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 1 | 1 | ||
| Female | 1.58 (1.06–2.36) | 0.024 | 1.51 (1.02–2.22) | 0.035 |
| Age (years) | 1.00 (0.93–1.08) | 0.956 | – | |
| Grouped semesters | ||||
| Basic (3–6) | 1.57 (1.13–2.18) | 0.007 | 1.56 (1.14–2.13) | 0.005 |
| Clinical (7−12) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Family incomea | ||||
| Less than 6000 soles (PEN) | 1 | |||
| More than 6000 soles (PEN) | 0.97 (0.70–1.36) | 0.868 | – | – |
| Body mass index | ||||
| Thin/normal | 1 | |||
| Overweight/obese | 1.04 (0.73–1.47) | 0.832 | – | – |
| Family members with migraine | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||
| First degree | 2.30 (1.46–3.62) | <0.001 | 2.11 (1.34–3.31) | 0.001 |
| Second degree | 1.70 (1.09–2.67) | 0.020 | 1.27 (0.82–1.97) | 0.275 |
| Chronic diseases | ||||
| No | 1 | |||
| Yes | 1.12 (0.79–1.58) | 0.537 | – | – |
| Insomnia during the pandemic | ||||
| No | 1 | |||
| Yes | 2.67 (1.42–5.03) | 0.002 | – | – |
| Exercise during the pandemic | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.97 (1.22–3.18) | 0.005 | 1.36 (0.85–2.16) | 0.197 |
| Hours of sleep per day | 0.72 (0.63–0.82) | <0.001 | 0.84 (0.72–0.96) | 0.014 |
| Hours in front of the computer | 1.12 (1.07–1.20) | <0.001 | 1.06 (1.01–1.12) | 0.028 |
| Use of prescription glasses | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.74 (1.18–2.56) | 0.005 | 1.40 (0.95–2.07) | 0.090 |
| Consumption of food high in fats | ||||
| Once a week | 1 | |||
| Two or more times a week | 0.79 (0.60–1.10) | 0.164 | – | – |
| Coffee consumption | ||||
| No | 1 | |||
| Yes | 1.47 (0.90–2.40) | 0.116 | – | – |
| Alcohol consumption | ||||
| No | 1 | |||
| Yes | 1.21 (0.90–1.70) | 0.245 | – | – |
| Consumption of stimulant beverages | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.41 (1.00–2.00) | 0.045 | 1.02 (0.74–1.41) | 0.876 |
| Tobacco consumption | ||||
| No | ||||
| Yes | 0.74 (0.51–1.08) | 0.116 | – | – |
| Do you have or have you had COVID-19? | ||||
| No | 1 | |||
| Yes | 1.24 (0.89–1.73) | 0.196 | – | – |
| Do you have or have you had a family member with COVID-19? | ||||
| No | 1 | |||
| Yes | 1.35 (0.94–1.95) | 0.107 | – | – |
| Do you have close family members with risk factors for getting sick with COVID-19 (HBP, diabetes, obesity, older adult, etc.)? | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 2.75 (1.73–4.35) | <0.001 | 1.85 (1.15–2.98) | 0.012 |
| Are you afraid of getting sick with COVID-19? | ||||
| Not afraid | 1 | 1 | ||
| Little/regular/very afraid | 1.84 (1.11–3.04) | 0.018 | 0.94 (0.56–1.60) | 0.833 |
PR, prevalence ratio.
95% CI, 95% confidence Interval.
PEN, Peruvian Currency.
COVID-19, Coronavirus Disease 2019.
HBP, High Blood Pressure.
a
1 USD = 4065 PE N in August 2021.