. 2023 Jul 4;9(7):e17655. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17655

Table 5.

Biofilm formation in test bacteria when stored in Marinades 1, 2 or 3 under different conditions. * indicates a significant difference (P < 0.05) in biofilm formation after ANOVA testing.

Species	Temp (°C)	Oxygen Availability	H₂O	MRD	M1	M2	M3
S. enterica ser. Typhimurium	4 °C	Aerobic	+	+	++	+++*	++
S. enterica ser. Typhimurium		Microaerobic	+	+	+	++*	++
	37 °C	Aerobic	+	+	+++	++++	+++
		Microaerobic	+	+	+++*	+++*	++
L. innocua	4 °C	Aerobic	+	++	++	+++	+++
		Microaerobic	+	++	+	++	++*
	37 °C	Aerobic	+	++	++	+++*	+++
		Microaerobic	++	++	++	+++*	+++
E. coli	4 °C	Aerobic	++	++	++	+++	++
		Microaerobic	+	+	++	++	++
	37 °C	Aerobic	+	+	+++	+++*	+++
		Microaerobic	++	++	+++	+++*	+++*
B. subtilis	4 °C	Aerobic	+	+	++	+++*	++*
		Microaerobic	+	+	+++	+++	+++
	37 °C	Aerobic	++	++	++	++	++
		Microaerobic	+	+	++	+++	+++
C. jejuni	4 °C	Aerobic	+	+	++	++	++*
		Microaerobic	++	+	++	++	+++*
	37 °C	Aerobic	+	+	+	++*	+++*
		Microaerobic	++	++	++	++	+++*

‘+’ and ‘-‘ indicate the growth levels as determined by O_D600 spectraphotometric values where “--" = < 0.05. “+” = < 0.15. “++” = < 0.35. “+++” = < 0.7. “++++” = < 1. “+++++” = > 1.