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. 2023 Jul 7;9(7):e18035. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18035

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Fig. 1

a: Stacked bar plots depicting the relative abundance of microbiota at the phylum level in each sample of CRCs and normal tissues of different racial/ethnic groups.

b: Alpha diversity analysis of the microbiota of tumor (CRC) and normal samples of different racial/ethnic groups. Boxplot representing different alpha diversity indices of each group, (A) Shannon index, B) ACE index, C) Pielou's evenness index, and D) Chao1 index. ns indicates statistically non-significant differences within the alpha diversity indices between CRCs and normal samples (Wilcoxson signed-rank test, P > 0.05).

c: Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) based on weighted UniFrac distances of microbial communities in each race/ethnic group. Differences between tumor (CRC) and normal samples are shown in A) African Americans (p-value 0.12087), B) European American (p-value 0.64035), and C). Egyptians (p-value 0.83716). p-Values are from the adonis2 test of vegan package R.