Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants who were still alive versus those who were deceased by December 31th, 2015.
| Overall | Still alive, N = 25,012 | Deceased, N = 1870 | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years),% (SE) | ||||
| 18–39 | 38.80 (0.70) | 40.42 (0.72) | 7.98 (0.88) | <0.0001 |
| 40–59 | 37.73 (0.48) | 38.53 (0.50) | 22.47 (1.38) | |
| ≥ 60 | 23.48 (0.54) | 21.06 (0.52) | 69.55 (1.42) | |
| Gender,% (SE) | ||||
| Male | 49.23 (0.31) | 48.97 (0.32) | 54.18 (1.38) | 0.0003 |
| Female | 50.77 (0.31) | 51.03 (0.32) | 45.82 (1.38) | |
| Race,% (SE) | ||||
| Mexican American | 8.50 (0.76) | 8.61 (0.77) | 6.46 (0.86) | <0.0001 |
| Other Hispanic | 5.21 (0.52) | 5.33 (0.54) | 2.78 (0.60) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 68.20 (1.51) | 67.82 (1.52) | 75.45 (1.05) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 11.30 (0.80) | 11.31 (0.80) | 11.04 (1.05) | |
| Other Races | 6.79 (0.40) | 6.93 (0.41) | 4.27 (0.75) | |
| Education level,% (SE) | ||||
| Less than high school | 18.02 (0.66) | 17.26 (0.65) | 32.53 (1.59) | <0.0001 |
| High school or GED | 23.39 (0.53) | 23.19 (0.54) | 27.25 (1.27) | |
| Above high school | 58.52 (0.96) | 59.49 (0.96) | 40.11 (1.86) | |
| Others | 0.06 (0.02) | 0.06 (0.02) | 0.11 (0.07) | |
| Smoking status,% (SE) | ||||
| Never | 52.87 (0.63) | 53.61 (0.64) | 38.76 (1.46) | <0.0001 |
| Ever | 23.47 (0.48) | 22.71 (0.50) | 38.04 (1.57) | |
| Current | 20.92 (0.51) | 20.82 (0.52) | 22.72 (1.22) | |
| Unknown | 2.74 (0.14) | 2.86 (0.15) | 0.48 (0.21) | |
| Diabetes,% (SE) | 8.32 (0.23) | 7.64 (0.22) | 21.36 (1.20) | <0.0001 |
| Hypertension,% (SE) | 30.21 (0.52) | 28.83 (0.53) | 56.58 (1.51) | <0.0001 |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | 28.56 ± 0.08 | 28.57 ± 0.08 | 28.33 ± 0.16 | 0.1995 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 122.07 ± 0.22 | 121.44 ± 0.21 | 134.18 ± 0.69 | <0.0001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 70.55 ± 0.19 | 70.74 ± 0.19 | 66.80 ± 0.49 | <0.0001 |
| Urinary albumin (mg/L) | 31.15 ± 1.52 | 25.93 ± 1.12 | 132.10 ± 20.50 | <0.0001 |
| Urinary creatinine (mg/dL) | 121.87 ± 0.93 | 122.66 ± 0.95 | 106.68 ± 2.09 | <0.0001 |
| ALT (U/L) | 25.65 ± 0.16 | 25.67 ± 0.15 | 25.36 ± 1.08 | 0.7753 |
| AST (U/L) | 25.79 ± 0.13 | 25.65 ± 0.11 | 28.54 ± 0.90 | 0.0014 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 79.07 ± 0.26 | 78.07 ± 0.24 | 98.40 ± 2.01 | <0.0001 |
| Serum uric acid (μmol/L) | 322.96 ± 0.88 | 321.65 ± 0.86 | 348.32 ± 3.27 | <0.0001 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.03 ± 0.01 | 5.04 ± 0.01 | 4.92 ± 0.04 | 0.0031 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.73 ± 0.02 | 1.73 ± 0.02 | 1.78 ± 0.04 | 0.2229 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (uIU/mL) | 5.83 ± 0.02 | 5.79 ± 0.02 | 6.61 ± 0.11 | <0.0001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.37 ± 0.00 | 1.37 ± 0.01 | 1.37 ± 0.01 | 0.7395 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.95 ± 0.01 | 2.96 ± 0.01 | 2.78 ± 0.04 | <0.0001 |
| WWI | 10.89 ± 0.01 | 10.86 ± 0.01 | 11.46 ± 0.03 | <0.0001 |
| Follow-up time (month) | 68.95 ± 1.07 | 69.97 ± 1.11 | 49.45 ± 0.90 | <0.0001 |
GED, General Educational Development; BMI, Body Mass Index; SBP, Systolic Blood Pressure; DBP, Diastolic Blood Pressure; HDL-C, High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol; LDL-C, Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol; ALT, Alanine Transaminase; AST, Aspartate Transaminase.