Table 1.
Clinical features of older patients with Parkinson's disease.
| Characteristics | Total | Characteristics | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | Anti-PD drugs | ||
| Male (n, %) | 49 (59.0) | Levodopa (n, %) | 74 (90.4) |
| Female (n, %) | 34 (41.0) | Dopamine agonists (n, %) | 28 (33.7) |
| Age (years) | 67.41 ± 2.02 | Amantadine (n, %) | 7 (8.4) |
| Disease duration (years) | 3 (1,5) | MAO-B inhibitors (n, %) | 9 (10.8) |
| Hoehn-Yahr stage | 2.17 ± 0.77 | COMT inhibitors (n, %) | 7 (8.4) |
| PIGD-dominant (n, %) | 37 (44.6) | Levodopa/benserazide dose (mg) | 269.07 ± 79.78 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.43 ± 2.53 | Self-improvement Rate (%) | 33.59 ± 8.06 |
| Hyposmia (n, %) | 28 (33.7) | UPDRS-III scores (Off-state) | 32.15 ± 11.42 |
| Constipation (n, %) | 53 (63.9) | UPDRS-III scores (Best on-state) | 22.87 ± 10.11 |
| Pollakiuria (n, %) | 57 (68.7) | LEDD | 375 (300,575) |
| Uracratia (n, %) | 28 (33.7) | Lying position | |
| Cognitive impairment (n, %) | 29 (34.9) | SBP | 135.93 ± 20.17 |
| Depression (n, %) | 24 (28.9) | DBP | 76.22 ± 11.02 |
| Excessive sweating (n, %) | 14 (16.9) | 1 min standing | |
| Salivation (n, %) | 21 (25.3) | SBP | 131.86 ± 24.97 |
| RBD (n, %) | 34 (40.9) | DBP | 77.86 ± 12.03 |
| History of hypertension (n, %) | 41 (49.4) | 3 min standing | |
| Antihypertensive drugs (n, %) | 37 (44.6) | SBP | 132.27 ± 23.15 |
| History of stroke (n, %) | 17 (20.5) | DBP | 78.51 ± 11.32 |
Continuous variables with normal distribution were described as means ± standard deviations. Continuous variables with skewed distribution were described as median with interquartile range. Categorical variables were represented as numbers (frequencies).
Abbreviations: PIGD, postural instability/gait difficulty; BMI, body mass index; RBD, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder; MAO-B, monoamine oxidase B; COMT, catechol-O-methyltransferase; UPDRS-III, unified Parkinson's disease rating scale Part III; “off-state,” defined as the period when all anti-PD drugs were withdrawn for at least 12 h; Best “on-state,” defined as the peak of anti-PD drug benefits in the morning; LEDD, levodopa equivalent daily dosage; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure.