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. 2023 Jul 7;9:e41435. doi: 10.2196/41435

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©Hao Lei, Nan Zhang, Beidi Niu, Xiao Wang, Shenglan Xiao, Xiangjun Du, Tao Chen, Lei Yang, Dayan Wang, Benjamin Cowling, Yuguo Li, Yuelong Shu. Originally published in JMIR Public Health and Surveillance (https://publichealth.jmir.org), 07.07.2023.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR Public Health and Surveillance, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on https://publichealth.jmir.org, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.

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Systematic differences in the seasonal influenza epidemic attack rates in the winter-spring waves across provinces in Mainland China according to surveillance data between 2010 and 2016. (A) Mean influenza epidemic attack rates (black circles) and urbanization rates (colored bars) in 30 Chinese provinces; grey areas indicate a lack of data. (B) Time-series influenza incidence rates in Beijing and Ningxia provinces. (C) Influenza epidemic attack rates in 5 provinces with the most or least intense epidemic and in all provinces across epidemiological years, where error lines represent 95% CIs. (D) Pearson correlation coefficients of the epidemic attack rates in 30 provinces between epidemiological years.