Table 2. Frequencies and AORs of Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes Between HCV-Positive and HCV-Negative Groups.
| Variable | HCV-negative (n = 69 901 008) | HCV-positive (n = 137 259) | AOR (95% CI)a |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal outcomes | |||
| Gestational anemia | 6 525 131 (9.3) | 18 046 (13.1) | 0.99 (0.89-1.10) |
| Gestational diabetes | 4 363 717 (6.2) | 9049 (6.6) | 1.04 (0.98-1.10) |
| Gestational hypertension | 3 697 210 (5.3) | 10 149 (7.4) | 1.08 (1.03-1.14) |
| Preeclampsia/eclampsia | 2 847 323 (4.1) | 6781 (4.9) | 1.00 (0.94-1.06) |
| Thyroid dysfunction complicating pregnancy | 1 006 368 (1.4) | 4564 (3.3) | 1.07 (0.98-1.17) |
| Perinatal outcomes | |||
| Cesarean delivery | 21 133 625 (30.2) | 53 047 (38.6) | 1.19 (1.15-1.22) |
| Stillbirth | 479 088 (0.7) | 1339 (1.0) | 0.95 (0.87-1.03) |
| Spontaneous abortion | 1 029 547 (1.5) | 2263 (1.6) | 0.88 (0.82-0.95) |
| Preterm labor | 4 755 044 (6.8) | 15 892 (11.6) | 1.10 (1.05-1.14) |
| Poor fetal growth | 1 423 590 (2.0) | 7858 (5.7) | 1.29 (1.21-1.37) |
| Fetal distress | 10 891 929 (15.6) | 27 853 (20.3) | 1.11 (1.08-1.15) |
| Premature rupture of membranes | 3 119 340 (4.5) | 8618 (6.3) | 1.04 (0.99-1.10) |
Abbreviations: AOR, adjusted odds ratio; HCV, hepatitis C virus.
a
Adjusted for maternal age (by decade), race and ethnicity, substance use (by individual categories: tobacco, alcohol, opioids, cannabis, sedatives/hypnotics, cocaine, other stimulants, hallucinogens, inhalants, other psychoactives), HIV, hemodialysis, diabetes, thyroid disorders, hypertension, anemia, Charlson-Deyo Comorbidity Index, primary payer, median household income for mother’s zip code, hospital bed size, hospital location and teaching status, and geographic region.