Figure. Adjusted Cumulative Incidence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) by Labor Epidural Analgesia (LEA) and Oxytocin Exposure.

Covariates adjusted include birth year (modeled as a spline function with 4 df), maternal age at delivery, race and ethnicity, educational level, household income, marital status, parity, history of comorbidity, prepregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain, diabetes, chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension or preeclampsia, hypothyroidism, infection, seizures, mental health issues, smoking, alcohol, drug use during pregnancy, antepartum hemorrhage, premature rupture of membranes, birth weight, preterm status, child sex, and medical center. Other than birth year, all other continuous variables were modeled as linear function and categorical variables were modeled as categorical variables.