Fig. 2.

Craving, IL-6, and Breath Alcohol Responses to Alcohol Cues and Consumption. (a) BD had greater initial craving for alcohol when compared to SD, F (1,63) = 6.53, p = 0.01, η² = 0.07. (b) No difference in IL-6 levels between groups was observed at baseline, F (1,62) = 0.01, p = 0.92. (c). BD drank significantly greater alcohol in the alcohol cue condition relative to the water cue condition, while the amount of alcohol consumed by SD did not differ by condition, F (1,60) = 6.9, p = 0.01, η² = 0.015. (d) BD showed greater craving in response to alcohol cues relative to water cues and SD, F (1,63) = 5.6, p = 0.02, η² = 0.05, and (e) greater IL-6 release after alcohol consumption relative to water cues and SD, F (1,55) = 4.3, p = 0.039, η² = 0.009. (f) BD showed higher breath alcohol concentrations than SD immediately after alcohol consumption, F (3,189) = 4.6, p = 0.004, η² = 0.004. Note. Amount of alcohol consumed, IL-6, and craving are shown in response to alcohol cues after controlling for the response to water cues. *Indicates significant at p<0.05.