Table 2.
Association between plasma LBP levels and risk of PD
| PD cases plasma LBP (µg/ml)a/n |
Controls plasma LBP (µg/ml)a/n |
Odds ratio (95% CI)b | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Main analysisc | 26.9 (18.1–41.0)/352 | 24.7 (16.6–38.4)/352 | 1.46 (0.98–2.19) | 0.061 |
| Subgroup analysis by sexc | ||||
| Men | 24.6 (18.1–38.9)/195 | 24.2 (16.9–39.3)/195 | 0.93 (0.55–1.59) | 0.797 |
| Women | 29.6 (18.2–44.0)/157 | 25.4 (16.1–37.9)/157 | 2.68 (1.40–5.13) | 0.003 |
| Subgroup analysis by smoking statusd | ||||
| Current smokers | 29.7 (19.1–42.6)/43 | 23.0 (16.3–43.5)/55 | 1.12 (0.49–2.51) | 0.793 |
| Former smokers | 24.2 (17.2–38.1)/116 | 25.4 (16.6–37.7)/110 | 1.09 (0.65–1.84) | 0.736 |
| Never smokers | 27.8 (18.2–40.9)/183 | 24.4 (17.1–37.0)/174 | 1.30 (0.87–1.95) | 0.198 |
| Subgroup analysis by BMId | ||||
| BMI < 25 kg/m2 | 22.7 (15.8–33.3)/119 | 24.5 (16.7–38.0)/137 | 0.78 (0.48–1.28) | 0.331 |
| BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 | 29.6 (19.4–43.9)/233 | 24.8 (16.6–38.4)/215 | 1.54 (1.09–2.18) | 0.016 |
| Exclude cases diagnosed within 8 yearse | 23.7 (16.3–40.1)/169 | 23.9 (16.1–37.3)/169 | 1.45 (0.79–2.65) | 0.234 |
| Include definite and very likely cases onlye | 24.8 (17.1–40.8)/189 | 24.7 (16.6–39.6)/189 | 1.19 (0.69–2.07) | 0.532 |
| Exclude ELISA plates with high variability between duplicatesc | 26.4 (18.2–39.7)/288 | 24.2 (16.6–36.8)/288 | 1.55 (0.99–2.41) | 0.053 |
aMedian (interquartile range)/the number of subjects
bOdds ratio for one unit increase of naturally logarithmic LBP
cConditional logistic regression for the matched case–control sets, adjusted for BMI and smoking status
dMixed effects logistic regression, adjusted for age at recruitment, sex, study center, as well as BMI or smoking status when applicable, ELISA plate as random effect
eMixed effects logistic regression, adjusted for age at recruitment, sex, study center, BMI and smoking status, ELISA plate as random effect