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. 2023 Jul 22;15:118. doi: 10.1186/s13148-023-01535-4

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — Association of circulating NPTX2 methylation with other circulating tumor biomarkers in mPDAC. A–D Plasma NPTX2 methylation levels according to their RAS status (A), RAS mutant allele fraction (MAF) (B), CA19-9 (C) and cfDNA concentration (D) cut-off values, which were set at 2.01% for RAS MAF, 4515 U/mL for CA19-9 and 31.8 ng/mL for cfDNA concentration. Data are shown as mean ± SD for each group. NPTX2 was significantly more methylated in those samples with mutated RAS, with a higher MAF of RAS, with higher CA19-9 values and with higher cfDNA concentration. E–G Correlation analysis of circulating NPTX2 methylation with CA19-9 levels (E), MAF value (F) and cfDNA concentration (G)