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. 2023 Jul 22;20:171. doi: 10.1186/s12974-023-02848-0

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 6 — The effect of iron ions on repair processes after SCI. a, b After the establishment of the mouse SCI model, injured spinal cords were collected for HE staining to detect the overall structure and inflammatory infiltration and for Nissl staining to assess neuronal morphology and the intracellular condition. c Changes in expression of MCP-1, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in serum samples detected via ELISA. d Changes in expression of MCP-1, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in injured spinal cord tissue detected via ELISA. e–g The nerve evoked potential and electromyography, as well as oblique board test, were performed in different groups, and the changes in neuromotor function were observed. h, i The levels of IgM and IgG in serum were detected by ELISA. j The level of iron ion in the spinal cord tissue was detected by Prussian blue staining. k The distribution of B cells in the spinal cord tissue was detected by immunofluorescence. CD19⁺ was red, dapi was blue, and merge was combined. All data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n ≥ 3 replicates per group). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001. SCI spinal cord injury, HE hematoxylin & eosin, MCP-1 monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, IL-6 interleukin 6, IL-1β interleukin 1 beta, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor alpha, IgG immunoglobulin G, IgM immunoglobulin M, ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, SD standard deviation