Table 1.
association between secondhand smoke exposure and socio-demographic characteristics of respondents
| Total (group) | Secondhand smoking exposure | χ2 | p-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | n | % | Daily | Often (3-6 days) | Rarely (1-2 days) | Unexposed | ||
| Age | 300 | 100 | 9 (3.0) | 23 (7.6) | 34 (11.4) | 234 (78.0) | ||
| 12-14 | 278 | 92.7 | 9 (3.0) | 23 (7.6) | 27 (9.1) | 219 (73.0) | 0.323 | 0.733 |
| ≥15 | 22 | 7.7 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (2.3) | 15 (5.0) | ||
| Gender | ||||||||
| Male | 141 | 47.0 | 3 (1.0) | 6 (2.7) | 15 (5.0) | 117 (39.0) | 7.652 | 0.022 |
| Female | 159 | 53.0 | 6 (2.0) | 17 (4.9) | 19 (6.4) | 117 (39.0) | ||
| χ2; p value | ||||||||
| Paternal education | ||||||||
| ≤12 years of formal education | 110 | 36.7 | 3 (1.0) | 18 (6.0) | 32 (10.7) | 57 (19.0) | 2.951 | 0.249 |
| >12 years of formal education | 190 | 63.3 | 6 (2.0) | 5 (1.6) | 2 (0.7) | 177 (59.0) | ||
| Maternal education | ||||||||
| ≤12 years of formal education | 175 | 58.3 | 3 (1.0) | 8 (2.7) | 19 (6.4) | 145 (56.2) | 2.283 | 0.419 |
| >12 years of formal education | 125 | 41.7 | 6 (2.0) | 15 (4.9) | 15 (5.0) | 89 (29.8) | ||
| Paternal occupation | ||||||||
| Skilled/unskilled labour | 193 | 64.3 | 8 (2.7) | 14 (4.6) | 10 (3.5) | 161 (53.6) | 3.086 | 0.138 |
| Professional/ managerial | 107 | 35.7 | 1 (0.3) | 9 (3.0) | 24 (7.9) | 73 (24.4) | ||
| Type of accommodation | ||||||||
| Room/self-contained | 151 | 51.3 | 7 (2.3) | 18 (6.0) | 23 (7.7) | 103 (34.4) | 12.336 | 0.020 |
| Flat or duplex | 149 | 49.7 | 2 (0.7) | 5 (1.6) | 9 (3.7) | 131 (43.6) | ||
| Exposure to Anti-tobacco messages | ||||||||
| Yes | 159 | 53.0 | 5 (1.7) | 6 (2.7) | 10 (3.5) | 138 (46.2) | 4.379 | 0.123 |
| No | 141 | 47.0 | 4 (1.3) | 17 (4.9) | 24 (7.9) | 96 (31.9) | ||
| Child’s age when caregiver started smoking (n=66) | ||||||||
| ≤5 years | 32 | 48.3 | 9 (13.6) | 14 (21.1) | 6 (9.0) | 3 (4.6) | 5.004 | 0.001 |
| >5 years | 34 | 51.7 | 0 (0.0) | 9 (13.7) | 19 (28.9) | 6 (9.1) | ||
| *Significant | ||||||||