Table 5.
Characteristics comparison across females judged frail by either method only or by botha
| Frail by self-report PFP only (N = 244) | Frail by objective PFP only (N = 98) | Frail by both (N = 218) |
P-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean (std) | 73.9 (6.4) | 76.7 (7.0) | 76.3 (6.0) | < 0.001 |
| Education (years), mean (std) | 12.2 (4.4) | 12.0 (5.1) | 12.2 (4.9) | 0.950 |
| MMSE, mean (std) | 88.5 (7.0) | 81.9 (13.0) | 85.5 (9.3) | < 0.001 |
| # of disease*, mean (std) | 2.0 (1.4) | 1.5 (1.3) | 2.1 (1.4) | 0.004 |
| Body Mass Index, mean (std) | 29.5 (6.5) | 26.1 (5.6) | 27.3 (7.1) | < 0.001 |
| Race(black), n (%) | 46 (18.9) | 43 (43.9) | 56 (25.7) | < 0.001 |
| Marriage, n (%) | 0.013 | |||
| Married | 125 (51.2) | 35 (35.7) | 83 (38.1) | |
| Widowed | 94 (38.5) | 47 (48.0) | 97 (44.5) | |
| Separated/divorced/never married | 25 (10.3) | 16 (16.3) | 38 (17.4) | |
| # of depressive symptoms, mean (std) | 8.8 (5.6) | 6.8 (5.3) | 10.3 (6.0) | < 0.001 |
| Income | 0.038 | |||
| < $16,000 | 137 (60.1) | 68 (74.7) | 134 (68.0) | |
| $16,000–35,000 | 66 (29.0) | 12 (13.2) | 41 (20.8) | |
| > $35,000 | 25 (11.0) | 11 (12.1) | 22 (11.2) | |
| Health status, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||
| excellent | 7 (2.9) | 3 (3.1) | 6 (2.8) | |
| very good | 23 (9.4) | 15 (15.5) | 18 (8.3) | |
| good | 62 (25.8) | 33 (34.0) | 44 (20.2) | |
| fair | 113 (46.3) | 41 (42.3) | 93 (42.7) | |
| poor | 38 (15.6) | 5 (5.2) | 57 (26.2) | |
| Cancer, n (%) | 48 (19.7) | 10 (10.2) | 38 (17.4) | 0.109 |
| Congestive heart failure, n (%) | 23 (9.4) | 9 (9.2) | 31 (14.2) | 0.206 |
| Myocardial infarction, n (%) | 26 (10.7) | 8 (8.2) | 21 (9.6) | 0.777 |
| Coronary heart disease, n (%) | 69 (28.3) | 19 (19.4) | 65 (29.8) | 0.142 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis, n (%) | 188 (78.0) | 62 (63.9) | 172 (81.5) | 0.008 |
| Diabetics, n (%) | 88 (36.4) | 32 (33.3) | 77 (36.7) | 0.835 |
| Angina, n (%) | 64 (26.2) | 16 (16.3) | 57 (26.2) | 0.119 |
aWeakness self-reported substitution = transferring, gripping and lifting
*For continuous variables, ANOVA was used to calculate and for categorical variables, Chi-square test was used