Table 2.

MR-PRESSO estimates of the associations between seven serum lipid biomarkers and early age-related macular degeneration

Exposures	MR-PRESSO methods	Causal estimate	p-value	Distortion p-value
ApoA	Raw	0.71	9.91 × 10−6	0.64
ApoA	Outlier corrected	0.65	2.33 × 10−4	0.64
ApoB	Raw	− 0.65	1.00 × 10−4	0.45
ApoB	Outlier corrected	− 0.57	2.97 × 10−4	0.45
CHOL	Raw	− 0.13	7.38 × 10−2	0.43
CHOL	Outlier corrected	− 0.18	2.23 × 10−3	0.43
HDL-C	Raw	0.22	5.28 × 10−8	0.26
HDL-C	Outlier corrected	0.28	1.67 × 10−12	0.26
LDL-C	Raw	− 0.10	2.20 × 10−3	0.79
LDL-C	Outlier corrected	− 0.09	2.96 × 10−3	0.79
Lp(a)	Raw	0.0004	1.92 × 10−1	NA
Lp(a)	Outlier corrected	NA	NA	NA
TG	Raw	− 0.26	1.72 × 10−9	0.94
TG	Outlier corrected	− 0.26	2.24 × 10−10	0.94

P-value < 0.0071 considered as significant at genome-wide association level and with bolded numbers