Table 4.

Association between brain structure and DII

Brain structure	Participants	Beta (95%CI)a	P value
Volume of brain	22,113	− 678.846 (− 1430.910 to 73.218)	0.077
Total volume of white matter hyperintensities	21,390	73.302 (20.729 to 125.874)	0.006
Volume of white matter	22,113	− 325.637 (− 749.801 to 98.527)	0.132
Volume of gray matter	22,113	− 353.203 (− 733.999 to 27.593)	0.069
Volume of hippocampus	22,104	− 6.891 (− 13.916 to 0.135)	0.055
Volume of gray matter in hippocampus	22,111	− 7.617 (− 13.986 to − 1.248)	0.019
Lateral ventricular volume	22,262	75.396 (− 33.871 to 184.663)	0.716

Italics represents P value < 0.05

^aModel adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, education, and Townsend deprivation index, diabetes, blood pressure status, drinking status, smoking status, body mass index, physical activity, energy intake, and family history of dementia