Table 4.
Summary of signaling pathway inhibitors and ongoing clinical trials in NKTCL patients
| Signaling pathway inhibitors | Target | Trial ID | Number of estimated enrollment | Study phase | Combined agents | Indication | Results for NKTCL | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bortezomib | NF-κB | NCT02808091 | 7 | 2 | GIFOX | Newly diagnosis NKTCL | ORR:43% | [95] |
| Anlotinib | VEGFR | NCT04004572 | 37 | 2 | Sintilimab Pegaspargase | Stage IV NKTCL | / | / |
| Apatinib | VEGFR2 | NCT04366128 | 60 | NA | Camrelizumab Pegaspargase | Stage IE/IIE ENKTL | / | / |
| Avastin (Bevacizumab) | VEGF | NCT01921790 | 30 | 2 | GemAOD | Untreated NKTCL | / | / |
| Tofacitinib | JAK1/3 | NCT03598959 | 20 | 2 | Chidamide | r/r NKTCL | / | / |
| Ruxolitinib | JAK1/2 | NCT02974647 | 82 | 2 | r/r NKTCL | / | / | |
| Selinexor (ATG-010) | XPO1 | NCT04425070 | 97 (10 NKTCL) | 1/2 | GemOx or ICE or Tislelizumab | Peripheral T- and NK/T-cell lymphoma | ORR: 60% CR: 20% | [109] |
NKTCL: natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, GIFOX: gemcitabine, ifosfamide and oxaliplatin, ORR: objective response rate, CR: complete remission, GemAOD: gemcitabine, oxaliplatin, pegaspargase and dexamethasone, VEGFR: vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor, NA: not available, JAK: Janus-associated kinase, NF-κB: nuclear factor κB, ENKTL: extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, XOP1: exportin-1, GemOx: gemcitabine and oxaliplatin, ICE: ifosfamide, carboplatin and etoposide