Table 1. Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Admissions and Length of Stay – Descriptive Statistics.
NICU: neonatal intensive care unit
| NICU Admissions | NICU Length of Stay (Days) | |||||
| Characteristic | N | 0, N = 3,578 | 1, N = 1,339 | N | Mean | Standard Deviation |
| Technological intervention | 4,917 | 1,148 (32%) | 483 (36%) | 4,917 | 8.65 | 14.92 |
| Multifetal pregnancy | 4,917 | 44 (1.2%) | 44 (3.3%) | 4,917 | 17.43 | 16.4 |
| Prior multifetal pregnancy | 4,917 | 9 (0.3%) | 6 (0.4%) | 4,917 | 6 | 5.14 |
| Condition complicating pregnancy | 4,917 | 1,863 (52%) | 964 (72%) | 4,917 | 8.27 | 18.39 |
| Anemia | 4,917 | 888 (25%) | 568 (42%) | 4,917 | 6.56 | 11.26 |
| High-risk pregnancy | 4,917 | 1,804 (50%) | 964 (72%) | 4,917 | 8.26 | 18.34 |
| Pre-existing hypertension | 4,917 | 272 (7.6%) | 183 (14%) | 4,917 | 13.13 | 32.68 |
| Gestational diabetes mellitus | 4,917 | 449 (13%) | 194 (14%) | 4,917 | 8.19 | 14.53 |
| Prior miscarriage | 4,917 | 101 (2.8%) | 73 (5.5%) | 4,917 | 8.32 | 14.53 |
| Advanced maternal age (≥ 35 years) | 4,917 | 554 (15%) | 191 (14%) | 4,917 | 10.22 | 16.76 |
| Gestational hypertension | 4,917 | 279 (7.8%) | 200 (15%) | 4,917 | 7.82 | 12.54 |
| Obesity/high body mass index | 4,917 | 910 (25%) | 454 (34%) | 4,917 | 7.37 | 12.35 |
| Drug use | 4,917 | 203 (5.7%) | 230 (17%) | 4,917 | 11.32 | 28.84 |
| Tobacco/nicotine use | 4,917 | 305 (8.5%) | 249 (19%) | 4,917 | 9.89 | 26.8 |
| History of premature rupture of membranes | 4,917 | 143 (4.0%) | 125 (9.3%) | 4,917 | 14.38 | 18.37 |
| Uterine/cervix anomalies | 4,917 | 670 (19%) | 396 (30%) | 4,917 | 6.89 | 12.57 |
| Hemorrhage | 4,917 | 520 (15%) | 347 (26%) | 4,917 | 9.05 | 23.9 |
| Young pregnancy (≤ 18 years) | 4,917 | 109 (3.0%) | 66 (4.9%) | 4,917 | 7.08 | 14.14 |
| Insufficient prenatal care | 4,917 | 641 (18%) | 396 (30%) | 4,917 | 8.34 | 23.6 |
| Behavioral health condition | 4,917 | 245 (6.8%) | 192 (14%) | 4,917 | 10.74 | 30.38 |
| Depression | 4,917 | 204 (5.7%) | 145 (11%) | 4,917 | 8.06 | 12.31 |
| Thrombophilias | 4,917 | 99 (2.8%) | 61 (4.6%) | 4,917 | 6.72 | 9.79 |
| Preterm labor without delivery | 4,917 | 242 (6.8%) | 244 (18%) | 4,917 | 7.89 | 11.83 |
| History of preterm labor | 4,917 | 172 (4.8%) | 138 (10%) | 4,917 | 6.8 | 9.37 |
| Group B streptococcal infection | 4,917 | 324 (9.1%) | 194 (14%) | 4,917 | 6.66 | 11.52 |
| Nutritional deficiency | 4,917 | 94 (2.6%) | 44 (3.3%) | 4,917 | 10.66 | 20.11 |
| Sexually transmitted disease | 4,917 | 678 (19%) | 457 (34%) | 4,917 | 7.27 | 12.93 |
| Pre-existing diabetes mellitus | 4,917 | 90 (2.5%) | 82 (6.1%) | 4,917 | 12.02 | 19.34 |
| History of post-term delivery | 4,917 | 304 (8.5%) | 173 (13%) | 4,917 | 4.03 | 5.89 |
| Chronic renal disease | 4,917 | 22 (0.6%) | 17 (1.3%) | 4,917 | 20 | 26.21 |
| Low socioeconomic status | 4,917 | 126 (3.5%) | 38 (2.8%) | 4,917 | 7.97 | 11.49 |
| Infections (non-sexually transmitted diseases) | 4,917 | 243 (6.8%) | 160 (12%) | 4,917 | 7.98 | 13.37 |
| Anxiety | 4,917 | 161 (4.5%) | 93 (6.9%) | 4,917 | 6.53 | 9.04 |
| Fetal abnormality | 4,917 | 420 (12%) | 239 (18%) | 4,917 | 9.49 | 16.35 |
| Spotting | 4,917 | 154 (4.3%) | 83 (6.2%) | 4,917 | 6.67 | 10.5 |
| Unwanted pregnancy | 4,917 | 7 (0.2%) | 3 (0.2%) | 4,917 | 55.33 | 85.54 |
| Placenta previa | 4,917 | 37 (1.0%) | 31 (2.3%) | 4,917 | 9.9 | 12.93 |
| Non-gynecological cancer | 4,917 | 7 (0.2%) | 7 (0.5%) | 4,917 | 5.43 | 6.13 |
| Genitourinary infections | 4,917 | 656 (18%) | 386 (29%) | 4,917 | 8.09 | 13.5 |
| Physical/emotional abuse | 4,917 | 36 (1.0%) | 26 (1.9%) | 4,917 | 7.31 | 10.75 |
| Cardiac disease and complications | 4,917 | 56 (1.6%) | 45 (3.4%) | 4,917 | 6.18 | 7.26 |
| Thyroid disease | 4,917 | 64 (1.8%) | 41 (3.1%) | 4,917 | 12.98 | 21.78 |
| Gingivitis/periodontal disease | 4,917 | 4 (0.1%) | 6 (0.4%) | 4,917 | 3.67 | 2.73 |
| Alcohol use | 4,917 | 37 (1.0%) | 40 (3.0%) | 4,917 | 7.05 | 9.08 |
| Cervical shortening | 4,917 | 46 (1.3%) | 33 (2.5%) | 4,917 | 18.3 | 21.14 |
| Cervical incompetence | 4,917 | 52 (1.5%) | 41 (3.1%) | 4,917 | 12.88 | 15.65 |
| Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) | 4,917 | 187 (5.2%) | 124 (9.3%) | 4,917 | 12.4 | 17.94 |
| Cerclage procedure | 4,917 | 22 (0.6%) | 14 (1.0%) | 4,917 | 17.57 | 16.55 |
| Pre-eclampsia | 4,917 | 145 (4.1%) | 132 (9.9%) | 4,917 | 13.96 | 36.63 |
| Homelessness | 4,917 | 24 (0.7%) | 14 (1.0%) | 4,917 | 10.29 | 10.44 |
| Domestic violence | 4,917 | 22 (0.6%) | 15 (1.1%) | 4,917 | 5.93 | 10.48 |
| Low weight gain during pregnancy | 4,917 | 24 (0.7%) | 14 (1.0%) | 4,917 | 8 | 9.58 |
| Sleep disorder | 4,917 | 30 (0.8%) | 20 (1.5%) | 4,917 | 9.35 | 9.81 |
| Gynecological cancer | 4,917 | 1 (<0.1%) | 4 (0.3%) | 4,917 | 6.25 | 5.91 |
| Lupus | 4,917 | 7 (0.2%) | 3 (0.2%) | 4,917 | 2 | 1.73 |
| History of preterm delivery | 4,917 | 20 (0.6%) | 34 (2.5%) | 4,917 | 19.76 | 66.2 |
| Eating disorder | 4,917 | 13 (0.4%) | 4 (0.3%) | 4,917 | 2.75 | 0.5 |
| Low body mass index | 4,917 | 5 (0.1%) | 3 (0.2%) | 4,917 | 3 | 1 |
| Fetal fibronectin procedure | 4,917 | 7 (0.2%) | 3 (0.2%) | 4,917 | 14.67 | 11.68 |
| Endometriosis | 4,917 | 10 (0.3%) | 5 (0.4%) | 4,917 | 6 | 7.84 |
| Arteriosclerosis | 4,917 | 2 (<0.1%) | 2 (0.1%) | 4,917 | 14 | 12.73 |
| Uterine overdistension | 4,917 | 130 (3.6%) | 63 (4.7%) | 4,917 | 8.94 | 12.57 |
| Maternal short stature | 4,917 | 0 (0%) | 1 (<0.1%) | 4,917 | 5 | |
| Cervical cone | 4,917 | 9 (0.3%) | 2 (0.1%) | 4,917 | 2 | 0 |