Table 3.

The association between urinary caffeine metabolites levels (μmol/L) and stroke.

	Model 1 OR (95% CI) P value	Model 2 OR (95% CI) P value	Model 3 OR (95% CI) P value
Theophylline (μmol/L)	0.981 (0.931, 1.033) 0.465	0.991 (0.955, 1.028) 0.626	0.994 (0.958, 1.032) 0.767
Theophylline categories
Q1	Reference	Reference	Reference
Q2	0.889 (0.593, 1.335) 0.571	0.900 (0.592, 1.367) 0.620	0.886 (0.578, 1.357) 0.577
Q3	0.672 (0.434, 1.041) 0.075	0.704 (0.449, 1.105) 0.127	0.678 (0.427, 1.075) 0.099
Q4	0.574 (0.363, 0.907) 0.017	0.635 (0.395, 1.021) 0.061	0.632 (0.388, 1.029) 0.065
Paraxanthine (μmol/L)	0.988 (0.981, 0.995) 0.001	0.991 (0.984, 0.998) 0.017	0.991 (0.984, 0.999) 0.027
Paraxanthine categories
Q1	Reference	Reference	Reference
Q2	0.870 (0.584, 1.269) 0.492	0.844 (0.559, 1.273) 0.419	0.855 (0.562, 1.301) 0.239
Q3	0.631 (0.410, 0.973) 0.037	0.672 (0.430, 1.048) 0.080	0.658 (0.417, 1.038) 0.069
Q4	0.470 (0.292, 0.755) 0.002	0.549 (0.336, 0.895) 0.016	0.563 (0.341, 0.929) 0.025
Theobromine (μmol/L)	0.994 (0.998,1.000) 0.035	0.996 (0.990, 1.001) 0.131	0.997 (0.992, 1.002) 0.270
Theobromine categories
Q1	Reference	Reference	Reference
Q2	0.874 (0.578, 1.320) 0.522	0.943 (0.617, 1.440) 0.785	0.928 (0.602, 1.429) 0.733
Q3	0.729 (0.473, 1.123) 0.152	0.826 (0.528, 1.294) 0.405	0.836 (0.529, 1.320) 0.441
Q4	0.609 (0.386, 0.960) 0.033	0.725 (0.452, 1.163) 0.183	0.811 (0.501, 1.313) 0.393

Model 1: The covariates were not adjusted.

Model 2: The age, sex, and race of the participants were adjusted.

Model 3: The age, sex, race, high blood pressure, high cholesterol level, diabetes, coronary heart disease, smoking, drinking, BMI of participants were adjusted.