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. 2023 Jul 22;6:768. doi: 10.1038/s42003-023-05128-y

Table 1.

Tightened proteomic modules by lifespan-extending interventions.

Functional category Module ID Module name ANOVA Acarbose 17α-estradiol Rapamycin Similarity
Fatty acid β-oxidation GO:0031998 regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation 0.0042 *** *** *
GO:0006635 fatty acid beta-oxidation 0.0061 *** *** **
GO:0006637 acyl-CoA metabolic process 0.0245 ** *** **
GO:0033539 fatty acid beta-oxidation using acyl-CoA dehydrogenase 0.0296 ** **
GO:0000038 very long-chain fatty acid metabolic process 0.0296 * **
Protein transport to peroxisome GO:0006625 protein targeting to peroxisome 0.0042 * ** ***
GO:0016558 protein import into peroxisome matrix 0.0042 * ** ***
Tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle GO:0006102 isocitrate metabolic process 0.0042 *** ** *
GO:0006103 2-oxoglutarate metabolic process 0.0123 *** ** ***
GO:0042866 pyruvate biosynthetic process 0.0123 *** * *
Immune response GO:0075522 IRES-dependent viral translational initiation 0.0123 *** ***
GO:0098761 cellular response to interleukin-7 0.0180 ** ** **
GO:0140374 antiviral innate immune response 0.0292 * ** *
GO:0044794 positive regulation by host of viral process 0.0370 ** **
Stress response GO:0017144 drug metabolic process 0.0008 *** *** **
GO:0043653 mitochondrial fragmentation involved in apoptotic process 0.0042 *** ***
GO:0006749 glutathione metabolic process 0.0042 *** *** **
GO:0034063 stress granule assembly 0.0123 ** *** **
Translation GO:0002181 cytoplasmic translation 0.0168 * ** ***
GO:0000028 ribosomal small subunit assembly 0.0308 ** *
GO:1902416 positive regulation of mRNA binding 0.0324 * ** **
Miscellaneous GO:0008210 estrogen metabolic process 0.0099 ** ***
GO:0030042 actin filament depolymerization 0.0481 * **

Listed are the 23 Gene Ontology Biological Process (GOBP)-defined proteomic modules that were significantly tightened by one or more of the interventions. ANOVA: P-value of the intervention effect on module rank conservation index (RCI), by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) after the Benjamini–Hochberg adjustment across 164 modules; Acarbose/17α-estradiol/Rapamycin: significance of the RCI comparison between control and each intervention (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001), by the post hoc two-sided Welch’s t-tests after the Benjamini–Hochberg adjustment across three comparisons; Similarity: significant similarity of the tightening patterns across the interventions (◎: similar to all the other two interventions, ○: similar to other one intervention). Note that the functional categories are just for reference purpose and not completely exclusive with each other. See Supplementary Data 1 for complete results.