. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Aug 1.

Published in final edited form as: Am J Prev Med. 2023 Mar 7;65(2):173–181. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2023.01.038

Table 4.

Time-varying ENDS use by smoking status, cigarette pack-years and second-hand smoke exposure, Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study (Waves 1-5, 2013-2019)

	Wave 1					Wave 2					Wave 3					Wave 4
	No ENDS use		ENDS use			No ENDS use		ENDS use			No ENDS use		ENDS use			No ENDS use		ENDS use
	% or mean	95% CI	% or mean	95% CI	P	% or mean	95% CI	% or mean	95% CI	P	% or mean	95% CI	% or mean	95% CI	P	% or mean	95% CI	% or mean	95% CI	P
Prevalence of ENDS use	98.6	98.4-98.7	1.4	1.2-1.6	^***	98.3	98.0-98.5	1.7	1.5-2.0	^***	98.3	98.1-98.5	1.7	1.5-1.9	^***	98.6	98.3-98.8	1.4	1.2-1.7	^***
Time-Varying Smoking Status Indicator
Proportion non-established or never smoking (%)	63.8	62.2-65.3	7.9	5.5-11.1		61.6	60.0-63.1	4.1	2.4-7.1		60.7	59.0-62.3	3.4	1.8-6.2		60.5	58.7-62.3	3.6	1.6-7.8
Proportion former smoking (%)	23.1	21.9-24.4	30.7	25.3-36.7		25.2	23.9-26.6	37.5	31.8-43.7		26.3	24.9-27.8	40.8	34.7-47.2		27.2	25.6-28.8	46.7	39.6-54.0
Proportion current smoking (%)	13.1	12.5-13.7	61.4	55.9-66.7		13.2	12.6-13.8	58.4	52.6-63.9		13	12.3-13.6	55.8	49.7-61.8		12.3	11.6-13.1	49.7	42.4-57.1
Baseline cigarette pack-years (mean, sd)	24.5 (26.1)		27.4 (32.4)		^*	23.7 (25.5)		29.2 (32.7)		^**	22.9 (24.7)		28.5 (32.9)		^**	22.3 (24.1)		30.9 (35.5)		^**
Time-varying second-hand smoke exposure (mean hours, sd)	4.0 (12.7)		12.3 (34.4)		^**	3.5 (11.8)		13.1 (35.7)		^**	3.1 (10.8)		11.2 (31.4)		^***	2.9 (10.3)		9.9 (29.6)		^***

p<0.05

^**

p<0.01

^***

p<0.05