Table 3.
ncRNAs in the regulation of astrocyte- and microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in CNS infectious diseases
| ncRNAs | Target | Function | |
|---|---|---|---|
| JEV | miR-146a↑ | Inhibits JEV-induced neuroinflammation [174] | |
| JEV | miR-146a↑ | TRAF6, IRAK1, IRAK2, STAT1 | Facilitates JEV replication [175] |
| JEV | miR-155↑ | SHIP1 | Promotes JEV-induced neuroinflammation [176] |
| JEV | miR-155↑ | Suppresses JEV virus replication [177] | |
| JEV | miR-29b↑ | TNFAIP3 | Governs microglia activation [178] |
| JEV | miR-301a↑ | NKRF | Promotes JEV-mediated neuroinflammation [179] |
| JEV | let-7a/b↑ | Induces TNFα production and facilitates neuronal death [180] | |
| JEV | miR-19b-3p↑ | RNF11 | Positively regulates the JEV-induced inflammatory response [181] |
| JEV | miR-15b↑ | RNF125 | Promotes JEV-induced neuroinflammation [173] |
| HIV-1 | miR-34a↑ | NLRC5 | Promotes microglial activation inflammation [184] |
| HIV-1 | miR-124↓ | MECP2, STAT3 | Promotes microglial activation [185] |
| HIV-1 | miR-146a↑ | MCP-2 | Maintains HIV-mediated chronic inflammation [186] |
| HIV-1 | miR-17↓ | NOX2, NOX4 | Suppresses ROS production in microglia [182] |
| HIV-1 | miR-505↑ | SIRT3 | Facilitates mitochondrial oxidative stress [187] |
| HIV-1 | miR-320a↓ | VDAC1 | Increases astrocyte-mediated neurotoxicity [188] |
| HIV-1 | miR-132↑ | MecP2, BDNF | Impairs neurite outgrowth and neuron survival [189] |
| HIV-1 | miR-29b↑ | PDGFB | Exerts neurotoxic effects on neurons [190] |
| HIV-1 | miR-155/181a | SAMHD1 | Increases HIV-1 replication in astrocytes [191] |
| HIV-1 | lncHEAL↑ | FUS | Facilitates HIV-1 replication [192] |
| HIV-1 | lncBACE1-AS↑ | BACE1 | Promotes Tat-mediated astrocytic amyloidosis [193] |
| E. coli | miR-155↑ | TAB2, EGFR | Suppresses E. coli-induced neuroinflammatory responses [201] |
| E. coli | miR-146a↑ | IRAK1, TRAF6, EGFR | Suppresses E. coli-induced neuroinflammatory responses [201] |
| L. mo | miR-155↑ | TAB2 | Regulates brain inflammation [204] |
| C. neoformans | miR-30c-5p↓ | eIF2α | Inhibits inflammatory responses and promotes microglia survival [205] |
| M. tb | miR-124↓ | STAT3 | Promotes microglia apoptosis and the elimination of M. tb [206] |
| S. pneumoniae | miR-141-3p↓ | HMGB1 | Inhibits the activation of astrocytes and inflammatory responses [207] |
| S. pneumoniae | miR-135a↓ | HIF-1α | Facilitates proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of astrocytes [208] |