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. 2023 Jul 22;16:79. doi: 10.1186/s13045-023-01470-0

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — Hematologic toxicity of HD-CAR-1 treatment. A Cytopenia and B cell aplasia. On day 0, i.e., after lymphodepletion (LD) and before CART administration, 69% (n = 9) of patients were neutropenic (46% grade IV neutropenia), anemic (8% grade III anemia) and thrombocytopenic (31% grade III thrombocytopenia). One month after HD-CAR-1 treatment, 8% (n = 1, UPN#4) patients displayed grade IV neutropenia and 17% (n = 2; UPN#4 and UPN#11) grade IV thrombocytopenia. On end-of-study (EOS) at day 90, two patients showed persistent grade III neutropenia (UPN#2, UPN #4) and one patient grade III thrombocytopenia (UPN#4) despite treatment with granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and a thrombopoietin-agonist, respectively. (UPN#4 had grade III neutropenia and thrombocytopenia already before receiving CARTs; also, UPN#2 was already neutropenic before CART treatment.) No higher-grade anemia was observed. Beyond day 28, no grade IV cytopenia was observed. As for B cell counts, 77% (n = 10) of patients displayed B cell aplasia already before receiving CARTs. At EOS, all evaluable patients (n = 9; UPN#9 not shown due to PD) had ongoing B cell aplasia (B cell count on day 0 and day 56 not assessed). B Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of treated HD-CAR-1 patients (n = 13) within the first 18 days (top, small frame) and up to end of study on day 90 after CART treatment. Four patients (UPN #1, #3, #4, #11, #13) received G-CSF after CARTs. Median of ANCs is depicted in grey