Table 1.

Socio-Demographic, Health, and Dietary-Related Characteristics of Fresh Moringa Leaf Consumers and Non-Consumers Pregnant Women in Southern Ethiopia

Variable	Total No (%) (n=460)	Consumer No (%)(n=230)	Non-Consumer No (%)(n=230)	p-value
Marital status				0.37
Married	458 (99.57)	229 (99.57)	229 (99.57)
Other	2 (0.43)	1 (0.38)	1 (0.38)
Household head				0.38
Male	438 (95.22)	217 (94.35)	221 (96.09)
Female	22 (4.78)	13 (5.65)	9 (3.91)
Number of Family members				0.26
Less than or equal to five	402 (87.39)	205 (89.13)	197 (85.65)
Greater than five	58 (12.61)	25 (10.87)	33 (14.35)
Number of gravida				0.19
Primigravida	113 (24.57)	58 (25.22)	55 (23.91)
Multigravida	306 (66.52)	157 (68.26)	149 (64.78)
Grand multigravida	41 (8.91)	15 (6.52)	26 (11.30)
Abortion before this pregnancy				0.30
No	407 (88.48)	200 (86.96)	207 (90.00)
Yes	53 (11.52)	30 (13.04)	23 (10.00)
Pregnancy status				0.23
Unplanned	154 (33.48)	83 (36.09)	71 (30.87)
Planned	306 (66.52)	147 (63.91)	159 (69.13)
Gestational age				0.29
20 to 23wks	92 (40.00)	81 (35.22)	173 (37.61)
24 to 26	138 (60.00)	149 (64.78)	287 (62.39)
Had Nausea/ vomiting				0.70
No	218 (47.39)	107 (46.52)	111 (48.26)
Yes	242 (52.61)	123 (53.48)	119 (51.74)
Anemia during the current pregnancy				0.79
No	445 (96.74)	223 (96.96)	222 (96.52)
Yes	15 (3.26)	7 (3.04)	8 (3.48)
Bleeding during the current pregnancy				0.31
No	451 (98.04)	224 (97.39)	227 (98.70)
Yes	9 (1.96)	6 (2.61)	3 (1.30)
Animal source food (ASF)				0.06
Not consume ASF	113 (49.13)	133 (57.83)	246 (53.48)
Consume ASF	117 (50.87)	97 (42.17)	214 (46.52)
Meal frequency per day				0.85
Three times and less	106 (46.09)	108 (46.96)	214 (46.52)
Four and more times	124 (53.91)	122 (53.04)	246 (53.48)