Table 1. Comparison of Three Groups in Terms of Demographic Data.

Variables	Control (n = 45)	Caudal (n = 45)	Dexmedetomidine (n = 45)	P-Value
Age (y)				0.719
Mean ± SD	6.1 ± 1.6	6.3 ± 1.8	6.4 ± 1.7
Median (min - max)	5 (4 - 10)	5 (4 - 10)	6 (4 - 10)
Surgical duration (min)				0.184
Mean ± SD	122.6 ± 3.8	124.1 ± 5.3	124.2 ± 4.9
Median (min - max)	120 (115 - 130)	125 (115 - 135)	125 (115 - 135)
Time to extubation (min)				< 0.001 a
Mean ± SD	11.5 ± 1.2	6.9 ± 0.8	14.8 ± 1.4
Median (min - max)	12 (9 - 14)	7 (6 - 9)	15 (11 - 18)
Pethidine dose (mg)				< 0.001 a
Mean ± SD	2.3± 0.7	0.5 ± 0.3	0.7 ± 0.3
Median (min - max)	2.3 (1.2 - 3.5)	0.5 (0 - 0.8)	0.8 (0 - 1.7)

^a Statistically significant at P ≤ 0.05.