Table 3.
Costs per Patient (€, 2020) During the Follow-Up Period
| Number of patients | CNIC-Polypill | Monocomponents | Equipotent | Other Therapies | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1614 | 1614 | 1614 | 1614 | ||
| Costs, € (SD) | |||||
| Primary care medical visits | 384 (284) | 434 (341) | 437 (322) | 486 (311) | <0.001 |
| Specialized care medical visit | 462 (434) | 573 (522) | 600 (632) | 673 (653) | <0.001 |
| Emergency medical visit | 117 (358) | 207 (308) | 228 (334) | 297 (359) | <0.001 |
| Rehabilitation session | 67 (282) | 100 (295) | 93 (265) | 106 (262) | <0.001 |
| Hospitalization | 963 (2537) | 1414 (3453) | 1571 (3485) | 1669 (3391) | <0.001 |
| Laboratory tests | 72 (76) | 68 (72) | 62 (64) | 72 (66) | <0.001 |
| Conventional radiology | 33 (30) | 40 (31) | 41 (32) | 38 (31) | <0.001 |
| Computed tomography | 36 (75) | 43 (80) | 45 (81) | 47 (83) | <0.001 |
| Magnetic nuclear resonance | 26 (64) | 50 (107) | 55 (111) | 88 (135) | <0.001 |
| Other diagnostic/therapeutic tests | 15 (30) | 17 (31) | 19 (33) | 31 (41) | <0.001 |
| Drugs | 1860 (969) | 1780 (1162) | 1698 (948) | 1632 (1060) | <0.001 |
| Healthcare cost | 4036 (3432) | 4725 (4456) | 4849 (4548) | 5139 (4647) | <0.001 |
| Non-healthcare cost (productivity loss) | 645 (2259) | 854 (2876) | 841 (2853) | 804 (2506) | 0.090 |
| Total cost | 4681 (4268) | 5578 (5484) | 5691 (5574) | 5943 (5406) | <0.001 |
| Adjusted model (ANCOVA)* | |||||
| Healthcare cost, € | 4012 | 4740‡ | 4830‡ | 5204‡ | <0.001 |
| − 95% CI | 3808–4216 | 4537–4945 | 4626–5034 | 5000–5409 | |
| Non-healthcare cost (productivity loss), € | 656 | 847 | 852 | 812 | 0.114 |
| − 95% CI | 528–784 | 719–975 | 724–980 | 684–941 | |
| Total cost, € | 4668 | 5587‡ | 5682‡ | 6016‡ | <0.001 |
| − 95% CI | 4411–4926 | 5331–5845 | 5425–5940 | 5759–6274 |
Notes: Costs were estimated as mean costs (SD) per patient (in euros 2020) during the follow-up period (two years from the index date, or until the development of a cardiovascular event or death, whichever occurred first). p statistical significance. *Contrasts are based on paired comparisons between estimated marginal means; covariates: age, gender, and Charlson index. ‡p <0.001; reference cohort: polypill.
Abbreviations: ANCOVA, analysis of covariance; CI, confidence intervals; SD, standard deviation.