Figure 1.

Identification of proteins with mid-parent heterosis (MPH) in the hybrid SY63.

(A) Volcano plot showing the positive- and negative-MPH proteins identified in the hybrid SY63. MPH = [(F1 − MPV)/MPV]×100%, MPV = (P1 + P2)/2, P < 0.01, two-tailed t-test.

(B) Biological process GO terms enriched in positive-MPH (brown bars) and negative-MPH (blue bars) proteins in SY63.

(C) Heatmap showing the accumulation of ribosomal proteins, translational elongation factors, TOR signaling components, and key enzymes involved in glycolysis, TCA, and catabolic pathways in panicle meristems of MH63, ZS97, and SY63.

(D) The protein–protein interaction network of TORC1 includes ribosomal proteins and enzymes involved in energy metabolism.