Figure 2.

Inference of polyploidization and speciation history in Apiales.

(A) The inferred phylogeny of Apiales species with placement of polyploidizations. Karyotypes were painted in seven colors, corresponding to the seven ancestral eudicot chromosomes.

(B) Synteny-based coalescent species tree showing independent WGDs in Apiaceae and Araliaceae. Genomes were classified into collinear subsets based on polyploidization history (denoted with S). Branch lengths are shown in coalescent units. Because the ASTRAL tree leaves the branch length of terminal branches empty, the lengths of terminal branches were all set to one. Numbers in parentheses represent the number of putative OSC genes.