Figure 3.

Volcano plots where each point represents the beta-estimate on the x-axis and -log₁₀(P_FDR) on the y-axis for an individual miRNA, obtained via negative binomial modeling with an offset of log(normalized library counts), and additionally adjusted for proportion of rRNA and volume of skim milk. The red line indicates the threshold for significance after Benjamini-Hochberg correction for multiple testing. Red points are statistically significant after multiple testing correction, and were positively associated with days postpartum, breast milk collection time, predominant breastfeeding, or breastfeedings per day. Blue points are statistically significant after multiple testing correction, and were negatively associated with days postpartum, breast milk collection time, predominant breastfeeding, or breastfeedings per day. (A) Volcano plot displaying the relationship between breast milk collection time and EV-miRNA expression. (B) Volcano plot displaying the relationship between predominant breastfeeding (Ref. = Yes) and EV-miRNA expression. (C) Volcano plot displaying the relationship between breastfeedings per day and EV-miRNA expression.