Table 3.

Themes and sub-themes identified from included articles

Themes	Sub-themes	Example statements in line with mental health nursing practices and/or activities
Direct Nursing Care	1) Therapeutic nurse-patient relationship-TNPR (All included articles)	“Making therapeutic relationship…” (Grant et al., 2012) “Encouraging to use self-help strategies to take responsibility take care of themselves…” (Canacott et al., 2019)
	2) Psychoeducation-PE (All included articles)	“Giving information…” (All included articles) “Psychoeducation involves recovery concept” (Doughty et al., 2008)
	3) Coping skill training-CST (Bond & Drake, 2015; Cook et al., 2012; Färdig et al., 2011; Fujita et al., 2010; Lee et al., 2015; Levitt et al., 2009; Mueser et al., 2002; Salyers et al., 2014; Slade et al., 2015; Slade et al., 2011; van Gestel-Timmermans et al., 2012)	“Coping with stress, symptoms, problems…” (van Gestel-Timmermans et al., 2012) “Psychotic symptom management…” (Levitt et al., 2009)
	4) Cognitive-behavioral technique-CBT (Färdig et al., 2011; Fujita et al., 2010; Grant et al., 2017; Grant et al., 2012; Levitt et al., 2009; Mueser et al., 2002; Salyers et al., 2014)	“Use Cognitive behavioral technique to reframe distorted belief by using several activities with…” (Färdig et al., 2011; Grant et al., 2017; Grant et al., 2012) “Cognitive behavioral adapting for treatment adherence” (Färdig et al., 2011)
	5) Intervention to improve medication adherence-IMA (All included studies)	“Coaching clients to create individual plans related to medication…) (Higgins et al., 2012) “Providing traditional treatments (medication)…” (Cook et al., 2012)
	6) Social functioning-SF (Bond & Drake, 2015; Cook et al., 2012; Färdig et al., 2011; Fujita et al., 2010; Grant et al., 2017; Grant et al., 2012; Lee et al., 2015; Levitt et al., 2009; Macias et al., 1994; Mueser et al., 2002; Salyers et al., 2014; Stanard, 1999; van Gestel-Timmermans et al., 2012)	“Training social and functioning skills…” (Macias et al., 1994; Stanard, 1999; van Gestel-Timmermans et al., 2012)
	Indirect Nursing Care (Bond & Drake, 2015; Canacott et al., 2019; Cook et al., 2009; Cook et al., 2012; Davidson & Guy, 2012; Doughty et al., 2008; Fukui et al., 2011; Higgins et al., 2012; Lee et al., 2015; Mak et al., 2016; Petros & Solomon, 2021; Repper & Carter, 2011; van Gestel-Timmermans et al., 2012)		“Training peer staff…” (Cook et al., 2012; Davidson & Guy, 2012; Repper & Carter, 2011; van Gestel-Timmermans et al., 2012) “Cooperation work with community rehabilitation service” (Lee et al., 2015)