. 2023 Jun 26;9(3):262–270. doi: 10.33546/bnj.2662

Table 4.

Differences in self-concept based on sociodemographic variables (n = 644)

Variable	Overall	p	Physical	p	Morals Ethics	p	Personal	p	Family	p	Social	p	Academic/Work	p
Variable	Mean ± SD		Mean ± SD		Mean ± SD		Mean ± SD		Mean ± SD		Mean ± SD		Mean ± SD
Gender^a
Male	58.91 ± 7.93	0.002^*	3.17 ± 1.01	0.321	7.22 ± 1.52	0.398	12.90 ± 2.21	0.448	14.69 ± 2.43	0.560	7.64 ± 1.54	0.239	13.30 ± 2.17	0.001^*
Female	58.02 ± 6.12		3.08 ± 0.99		7.24 ± 1.47		13.26 ± 2.16		13.97 ± 2.63		7.46 ± 1.66		13.01 ± 1.70
Age^b
14	59.33 ± 5.78	0.772	2.93 ± 1.10	0.112	7.47 ± 0.99	0.342	12.87 ± 1.18	0.030^*	14.60 ± 2.19	0.973	8.47 ± 1.50	0.325	13.00 ± 2.10	0.780
15	58.17 ± 6.53		2.92 ± 1.05		7.06 ± 1.41		13.33 ± 2.28		14.19 ± 2.65		7.50 ± 1.59		13.17 ± 1.74
16	58.81 ± 8.19		3.16 ± 0.98		7.22 ± 1.61		13.24 ± 2.31		14.40 ± 2.65		7.55 ± 1.66		13.25 ± 2.14
17	58.06 ± 6.12		3.23 ± 0.93		7.27 ± 1.47		12.75 ± 1.95		14.27 ± 2.41		7.47 ± 1.57		13.07 ± 1.79
18	58.56 ± 5.64		3.19 ± 1.02		7.68 ± 1.15		12.84 ± 2.27		14.30 ± 2.63		7.70 ± 1.46		12.86 ± 1.91
19	60.85 ± 11.90		3.14 ± 1.67		7.14 ± 2.03		14.71 ± 2.81		14.57 ± 3.15		7.57 ± 1.81		13.71 ± 3.09
Class Level^b
1^st year	58.80 ± 7.40	0.827	2.98 ± 1.10	0.019^*	7.19 ± 1.50	0.245	13.36 ± 2.33	0.030^*	14.37 ± 2.71	0.459	7.63 ± 1.66	0.554	13.29 ± 1.98	0.414
2^nd year	58.56 ± 7.82		3.13 ± 0.94		7.12 ± 1.57		13.16 ± 2.27		14.45 ± 2.50		7.56 ± 1.67		13.15 ± 2.08
3^rd year	58.07 ± 6.05		3.24 ± 0.94		7.35 ± 1.426		12.81 ± 1.97		14.16 ± 2.49		7.46 ± 1.51		13.04 ± 1.79
Parent’s Marital Status^b
Married	58.70 ± 6.96	0.069	3.14 ± 0.98	0.746	7.25 ± 1.45	0.572	13.01 ± 2.19	0.030^*	14.57 ± 2.37	<0.001^*	7.58 ± 1.58	0.294	13.15 ± 1.95	0.095
Divorced	57.30 ± 8.10		3.09 ± 1.06		7.16 ± 1.79		13.91 ± 2.09		12.12 ± 2.99		7.37 ± 1.64		13.65 ± 2.12
Single parent	56.50 ± 6.81		3.02 ± 1.16		7.02 ± 1.66		13.26 ± 2.14		13.20 ± 3.06		7.24 ± 1.79		12.76 ± 1.49
Residence Status^b
With parents	58.64 ± 7.18	0.063	3.13 ± 0.99	0.406	7.26 ± 1.50	0.239	13.10 ± 2.21	0.714	14.42 ± 2.51	0.002^*	7.57 ± 1.61	0.246	13.17 ± 1.99	0.727
Other families	56.02 ± 5.48		2.95 ± 1.18		6.86 ± 1.42		13.14 ± 2.14		13.00 ± 2.64		7.14 ± 1.58		12.93 ± 1.52
Alone	58.06 ± 6.01		3.26 ± 0.77		7.19 ± 1.51		12.77 ± 1.78		14.13 ± 2.99		7.61 ± 1.54		13.10 ± 1.42
Father’s Education^b
Illiterate	54.50 ±6.36	0.530	3.50 ± 2.12	0.350	7.00 ± 1.41	0.961	12.00 ± 0.00	0.05^*	13.00 ± 1.41	0.224	7.50 ± 2.12	0.875	11.50 ± 0.70	0.144
Elementary	57.35 ± 7.32		2.88 ± 1.03		7.21 ± 1.49		13.44 ± 2.29		13.71 ± 3.03		7.41 ± 1.65		11.71 ± 1.67
Junior high school	59.70 ± 7.88		2.98 ± 1.20		7.33 ± 1.41		13.83 ± 2.50		14.56 ± 2.72		7.48 ± 1.65		13.52 ± 2.10
Senior high school	58.40 ± 7.22		3.18 ± 1.02		7.25 ± 1.56		12.94 ± 2.22		14.18 ± 2.66		7.61 ± 1.63		13.24 ± 2.03
Diploma	58.41 ± 6.53		3.11 ± 0.89		7.18 ± 1.42		13.08 ± 2.02		14.55 ± 2.27		7.48 ± 1.55		13.02 ± 1.79
Mother’s Education^b
Illiterate	59.85 ± 8.02	0.738	3.00 ± 1.00	0.244	7.14 ± 1.21	0.970	13.57 ± 2.37	0.381	15.14 ± 2.47	0.521	8.29 ± 1.38	0.343	12.71 ± 2.43	0.736
Elementary	59.00 ± 6.57		2.81 ± 1.12		7.38 ± 1.52		13.58 ± 2.01		14.15 ± 2.71		7.77 ± 1.56		13.31 ± 1.70
Junior high school	59.35 ± 7.00		3.11 ± 1.01		7.23 ± 1.44		13.26 ± 2.51		14.71 ± 2.73		7.77 ± 1.61		13.27 ± 1.98
Senior high school	58.20 ± 7.31		3.17 ± 0.99		7.21 ± 1.55		12.96 ± 2.23		14.19 ± 2.57		7.47 ± 1.70		13.20 ± 2.04
Diploma	58.37 ± 6.77		3.13 ± 0.97		7.24 ± 1.44		13.09 ± 2.06		14.38 ± 2.48		7.51 ± 1.47		13.03 ± 1.83
Father’s Occupation^b
Others	58.56 ± 6.65	0.837	3.04 ± 1.07	0.654	7.44 ± 1.54	0.310	13.19 ± 2.19	0.942	14.19 ± 2.55	0.865	7.58 ± 1.61	0.864	13.12 ± 2.00	0.285
Civil servant	58.39 ± 5.79		3.22 ± 0.88		7.30 ± 1.40		13.11 ± 1.94		14.36 ± 2.37		7.50 ± 1.57		12.90 ± 1.68
State employee	61.75 ± 5.37		3.50 ± 1.00		7.50 ± 1.73		14.00 ± 2.16		13.25 ± 2.75		8.50 ± 1.29		15.00 ± 2.00
Private employee	58.07 ± 7.68		3.08 ± 0.98		7.05 ± 1.61		12.98 ± 2.28		14.30 ± 2.75		7.52 ± 1.72		13.15 ± 1.91
Self-employee	58.82 ± 7.63		3.13 ± 1.04		7.23 ± 1.44		13.09 ± 2.27		14.46 ± 2.64		7.60 ± 1.59		13.32 ± 2.08
Honorary worker	57.75 ± 3.94		3.00 ± 0.00		6.00 ± 0.81		13.75 ± 1.50		14.75 ± 2.63		7.00 ± 1.41		13.25 ± 0.95
Retired	57.57 ± 4.31		3.47 ± 0.77		7.16 ± 1.11		13.00 ± 2.13		13.74 ± 2.10		7.32 ± 1.00		12.89 ± 1.04
Unemployed	56.83 ± 7.79		3.08 ± 1.01		6.96 ± 1.65		12.75 ± 2.27		14.00 ± 2.06		7.29 ± 1.80		12.75 ± 1.98
Mother’s Occupation^b
Others	58.73 ± 8.03	0.958	2.84 ± 1.02	0.597	7.45 ± 1.67	0.685	13.42 ± 2.27	0.566	14.18 ± 2.92	0.993	7.66 ± 1.93	0.887	13.18 ± 2.20	0.526
Civil servant	57.86 ± 5.87		3.18 ± 0.96		7.22 ± 1.43		12.83 ± 1.77		14.24 ± 2.36		7.53 ± 1.39		12.86 ± 1.57
Private employee	58.81 ± 7.38		3.13 ± 0.93		7.18 ± 1.45		13.38 ± 2.64		14.27 ± 2.99		7.71 ± 1.52		13.14 ± 1.95
Self-employee	58.78 ± 8.10		3.08 ± 0.96		7.22 ± 1.41		13.17 ± 2.47		14.40 ± 2.61		7.49 ± 1.66		13.42 ± 2.27
Honorary worker	58.85 ± 5.75		3.43 ± 0.53		8.14 ± 1.57		13.14 ± 1.67		13.71 ± 1.89		7.43 ± 1.13		13.00 ± 2.16
Retired	57.00 ± 1.87		3.20 ± 1.48		7.60 ± 0.54		12.20 ± 1.48		14.20 ± 3.03		6.80 ± 0.83		13.00 ± 0.70
Unemployed	58.36 ± 6.74		3.16 ± 1.04		7.19 ± 1.55		13.03 ± 2.04		14.34 ± 2.45		7.53 ± 1.65		13.12 ± 1.84
Family Income^a
<RMW	58.65 ± 7.22	0.767	3.11 ± 0.97	0.280	7.23 ± 1.49	0.868	13.29 ± 2.30	0.01^*	14.18 ± 2.58	0.151	7.57 ± 1.61	0.893	13.27 ± 2.06	0.179
>RMW	58.27 ± 6.67		3.17 ± 1.02		7.25 ± 1.48		12.82 ± 1.99		14.51 ± 2.46		7.53 ± 1.61		13.00 ± 1.79

Independent t-test was performed

One-way ANOVA test was performed

Significant at p <0.05

RMW= Regional minimum wage per month