Table 1.

2015 versus 2022 sample demographics, social media use, body image, and disordered eating behaviors.

				2015 % (n)	2022 % (n)		Statistic
Gender identity		Female		54.9 (197)	54.3 (145)		X2(2) = 7.09, p = .03, φ = 0.11
		Male		44.6 (160)	42.3 (113)
		Other		0.6 (2)	3.4 (9)
Race		Non-White		49.0 (176)	59.3 (163)		X2 = 6.57, p = .01, φ = 0.10
		White		51.0 (183)	40.7 (112)		X2 = 128.96, p < .001, φ = 0.45
Social media accounts used		Facebook		92.8 (333)	53.8 (148)		X2 = 1.22, p = .29, φ = 0.04
		Instagram		93.6 (336)	91.3 (251)		X2 = 6.23, p = .01, φ = 0.10
		Twitter		70.2 (252)	60.7 (167)		X2 = 272.23, p < .001, φ = 0.66
		Snapchat		23.4 (84)	89.5 (246)		X2 = 464.79, p < .001, φ = 0.86
		TikTok		—	82.9 (228)		X2 = 51.20, p < .001, φ = 0.28
		YouTube		57.9 (208)	84.4 (232)		X2 = 128.96, p < .001, φ = 0.45
	2015 M (SD)	2022 M (SD)	Statistic		Male M (SD)	Female M (SD)	Statistic
Age (yrs)	19.38 (2.87)	19.05 (1.50)	t (632) = 1.86, p = .06, d = 0.14
BMI (kg/m2)	24.10 (4.57)	24.78 (5.79)	t (620) = 1.57, p = .06, d = 0.13
Min SM	199.14 (142.56)	244.06 (144.11)	$F\left(\mathrm{1,610}\right)=15.89,p<.001,{\eta }_{\mathrm{p}}^2=0.03$		200.05 (133.57)	232.30 (151.84)	$F\left(\mathrm{1,610}\right)=6.14,p<.05,{\eta }_{\mathrm{p}}^2=0.01$
# SM	4.87 (2.25)	7.18 (3.23)	$F\left(\mathrm{1,590}\right)=105.28,p<.001,{\eta }_{\mathrm{p}}^2=0.15$		5.42 (2.84)	6.10 (2.90)	$F\left(\mathrm{1,590}\right)=10.45,p<.001,{\eta }_{\mathrm{p}}^2=0.02$
BAS	5.14 (1.19)	4.88 (1.31)	$F\left(\mathrm{1,570}\right)=7.04,p<.01,{\eta }_{\mathrm{p}}^2=0.01$		5.33 (1.10)	4.79 (1.31)	$F\left(\mathrm{1,570}\right)=29.53,p<.001,{\eta }_{\mathrm{p}}^2=0.05$
FNAES	2.40 (1.09)	2.76 (1.25)	$F\left(\mathrm{1,579}\right)=15.74,p<.001,{\eta }_{\mathrm{p}}^2=0.03$		2.14 (0.98)	2.89 (1.20)	$F\left(\mathrm{1,579}\right)=72.53,p<.001,{\eta }_{\mathrm{p}}^2=0.11$
EDE-Q binge	2.02 (4.09)	2.43 (5.10)	$F\left(\mathrm{1,589}\right)=1.27,p=.26,{\eta }_{\mathrm{p}}^2=0.01$		1.42 (3.57)	2.83 (5.11)	$F\left(\mathrm{1,589}\right)=15.44,p<.001,{\eta }^2=0.03$
EDE-Q vomit	0.14 (0.95)	0.41 (2.17)	$F\left(\mathrm{1,589}\right)=4.09,p<.04,{\eta }_p^2=0.01$		0.11 (0.67)	0.40 (2.20)	$F\left(\mathrm{1,589}\right)=4.96,p<.03,{\eta }_{\mathrm{p}}^2=0.01$
EDE-Q laxative	0.19 (1.73)	0.61 (2.71)	$F\left(\mathrm{1,589}\right)=5.16,p<.02,{\eta }_{\mathrm{p}}^2=0.01$		0.11 (0.85)	0.56 (2.84)	$F\left(\mathrm{1,589}\right)=7.32,p<.01,{\eta }_{\mathrm{p}}^2=0.01$

Note: EDE–Q = Eating Disorder Examination — Questionnaire; BMI = body mass index, Min SM — minutes spent daily on social media, # SM = total number of social media accounts, BAS = Body Appreciation Scale, FNAES = Fear of Negative Appearance Evaluation Scale, EDE–Q Binge = EDE–Q frequency of binge eating (in days/past 28 days), EDE–Q Vomit = EDE–Q frequency of vomiting in days/past 28 days), EDE–Q Laxative = EDE–Q frequency of laxative use in days/past 28 days).