Table 2.
TBI characteristics evaluated for an association with anxiety or mood disorder among 562 individuals with TBI prior to 10 years of age
| Characteristic at time of initial TBI | Overall distribution† | Outcome=Anxiety | Outcome =Mood disorder | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. with the outcome | Unadjusted HR (95% CI) |
Adjusted HR (95% CI)‡ | No. with the outcome | Unadjusted HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HR (95% CI)‡ | ||||
| Age (years) | 4.7 (2.8) | 47 | 1.32 (1.15, 1.52) § | 1.33 (1.16, 1.52) § | 109 | 1.14 (1.06, 1.24) § | 1.17 (1.08, 1.27) § | ||
| TBI severity | |||||||||
| Definite | 8 (1.4%) | 2 | 4.82 (1.14, 20.30) | 4.89 (1.08, 22.12) | 3 | 2.94 (0.92, 9.33) | 2.95 (0.91, 9.59) | ||
| Probable | 140 (24.9%) | 14 | 1.22 (0.65, 2.29) | 1.24 (0.65, 2.37) | 27 | 0.92 (0.59, 1.42) | 0.95 (0.61, 1.48) | ||
| Possible | 414 (73.7%) | 31 | Referent | Referent | 79 | Referent | Referent | ||
| Hospitalized | |||||||||
| Yes | 63 (11.2%) | 7 | 1.33 (0.60, 2.97) | 1.76 (0.76, 4.12) | 14 | 1.12 (0.64, 1.96) | 1.31 (0.74, 2.32) | ||
| No | 499 (88.8%) | 40 | Referent | Referent | 95 | Referent | Referent | ||
| Skull fracture | |||||||||
| Yes | 49 (8.7%) | 8 | 1.71 (0.80, 3.68) | 1.92 (0.86, 4.24) | 10 | 0.85 (0.44, 1.64) | 0.93 (0.48, 1.80) | ||
| No | 513 (91.3%) | 39 | Referent | Referent | 99 | Referent | Referent | ||
| Extracranial injury | |||||||||
| Yes | 144 (25.6%) | 16 | 1.62 (0.88, 2.96) | 2.41 (1.26, 4.59) | 26 | 0.92 (0.59, 1.42) | 1.05 (0.66, 1.65) | ||
| No | 418 (74.4%) | 31 | Referent | Referent | 83 | Referent | Referent | ||
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; SD, standard deviation. The HR (95% CI) are bolded if the 95% CI does not contain 1, indicating statistical significance at the 0.05 level.
Results presented as frequency and percentage (of 562 patients) for categorical variables and mean (SD) for continuous variables.
Adjusted for variables significant in Table 2:Each of the 5 TBI characteristics was evaluated in a separate multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model adjusted for the following covariates: sex, size for gestational age, maternal education, and history of maternal depression at the time of the individual’s birth.
Hazard ratio per a 1-year increase in the child’s age at initial TBI