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. 2023 Jul 24;11:157. doi: 10.1186/s40168-023-01597-9

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — Viral infections correlate to specific upper respiratory tract microbiota disorders. A PCoA based on Bray-Curtis distances was analyzed, and PERMANOVA was used to evaluate the variation of microbial composition between the virus-positive and healthy groups. B LEfSe was used to calculate the difference between genera between virus-positive and healthy groups and take the union of the genera to show the enrichment features. C, D Differences in the relative abundance of Veillonella and Granulicatella between virus-positive and healthy groups (Kruskal-Wallis test as well as Wilcoxon rank-sum test with subsequent Bonferroni correction). E PCA was performed based on the LDA values of the different genera, and Biplot was used to evaluate the association between the infectious group (arrows) and genera (points)