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. 2023 Jul 10;11:1197439. doi: 10.3389/fped.2023.1197439

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© 2023 Liu, Zhao, Yang, Tang, Chen, Tang and Wu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Schematic diagram of transverse axis of the arch measurement. (A) The highest point of the inner side of the arch volume, (B) the highest point of the inner side of the arch volume which is vertically projected on the transverse plane, (C) the outermost point of the arch volume, (D) the outermost point of the foot, ∠ ACB is the transverse arch angle, ∠ ADB is the external transverse arch angle, κ AC is the curvature of the transverse axis of the foot arch, and the area of the irregular figure ABC (orange part) is the cross-sectional area of the transverse arch of medial longitudinal.