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. 2023 Jul 20;15(1):2236755. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2236755

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© 2023 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.

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Figure 2. — Old donor mice have altered GM composition compared with young adult donor mice.

The cecal microbial communities of conventionally raised 21-month-old mice (old) and 5-month-old mice (young adult) were analyzed by bacterial V4-16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) based on weighted (a), and unweighted (b) UniFrac distances. Alpha diversity was determined by Chao1 (c), Shannon (d), and Simpson (e). The relative abundance of all phyla (f), Firmicutes (g), Bacteroidota (h), and Bacteroidota/Firmicutes ratio (i) were analyzed. The correlation of Bacteroidota/Firmicutes ratio vs % lean body mass (j), trabecular BV/TV (k), cortical thickness (l), CD4+ cells (m), and Treg cells (n) were analyzed. Data in panels A and B were statistically analyzed by permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA), in panels C-E and G-I by Student’s t-test, and in panels J-N by Pearson’s correlation test. ***p ≤ 0.001. Values are given as the mean ± SEM.