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. 2023 Jul 20;15(1):2236755. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2236755

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© 2023 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.

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Figure 3. — GM transplantation to recipient GF mice.

Cecal microbiota from old or young adult donor mice was transplanted to GF mice of different ages. Study protocol (a). The cecal microbial communities of recipient mice were analyzed by bacterial V4-16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) based on weighted (b) and unweighted (c) UniFrac distances. The relative abundances of Firmicutes (d) and Bacteroidota (e), and the Bacteroidota/Firmicutes ratio (f) were determined. Data in panels B and C were statistically analyzed by permutation multivariate of variance (PERMANOVA), and in panels D-F were statistically analyzed for the overall effect of age of donor mice (old vs young adult), age of recipient mice (GF mice), and their interaction were calculated using two-way ANOVA followed by Šídák post hoc test to correct for multiple comparisons. ***p ≤ 0.001, **p ≤ 0.01, and *p ≤ 0.05.