Table 2.
Multilevel model of association between SARS-COV-2 infection and pulmonary complications in elective abdominal cancer surgery
| Postoperative SARS-COV-2 diagnosis | 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications |
Univariable analysis |
Multilevel analysis |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | Odds ratio * | P | Odds ratio * | P | |
| No | 390 (5.4) | 6825 (94.6) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||
| Yes | 100 (53.5) | 87 (46.5) | 20.11 (14.84, 27.33) | < 0.001 | 24.95 (16.75, 37.17) | < 0.001 |
| Age (years) | ||||||
| < 60 | 92 (4.0) | 2189 (96.0) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||
| 60–69 | 136 (6.1) | 2077 (93.9) | 1.56 (1.19, 2.05) | 0.001 | 1.26 (0.92, 1.74) | 0.153 |
| > 70 | 262 (9.0) | 2646 (91.0) | 2.36 (1.85, 3.02) | < 0.001 | 1.96 (1.44, 2.66) | < 0.001 |
| Sex | ||||||
| F | 162 (4.4) | 3482 (95.6) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||
| M | 328 (8.7) | 3430 (91.3) | 2.06 (1.70, 2.50) | < 0.001 | 1.75 (1.38, 2.22) | < 0.001 |
| ASA grade | ||||||
| I–II | 244 (4.9) | 4717 (95.1) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||
| III–V | 232 (10.4) | 1998 (89.6) | 2.24 (1.86, 2.71) | < 0.001 | 1.60 (1.26, 2.04) | < 0.001 |
| Obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) | ||||||
| No | 314 (6.3) | 4676 (93.7) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||
| Yes | 128 (7.0) | 1690 (93.0) | 1.13 (0.91, 1.39) | 0.268 | 1.20 (0.93, 1.54) | 0.152 |
| Smoker | ||||||
| Not current | 418 (6.3) | 6243 (93.7) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||
| Current | 72 (9.7) | 669 (90.3) | 1.61 (1.23, 2.08) | < 0.001 | 1.59 (1.16, 2.19) | 0.004 |
| Chronic lung disease | ||||||
| No | 393 (6.1) | 6060 (93.9) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||
| Yes | 97 (10.2) | 852 (89.8) | 1.76 (1.38, 2.21) | < 0.001 | 1.47 (1.10, 1.95) | 0.009 |
| Cardiovascular disease | ||||||
| No | 226 (5.6) | 3816 (94.4) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||
| Yes | 264 (7.9) | 3096 (92.1) | 1.44 (1.20, 1.73) | < 0.001 | 1.08 (0.85, 1.38) | 0.512 |
| Diabetes mellitus | ||||||
| No | 391 (6.3) | 5777 (93.7) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||
| Yes | 99 (8.0) | 1135 (92.0) | 1.29 (1.02, 1.61) | 0.030 | 0.94 (0.70, 1.25) | 0.648 |
| Operative approach | ||||||
| Minimally invasive | 194 (5.1) | 3576 (94.9) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||
| Open | 296 (8.2) | 3333 (91.8) | 1.64 (1.36, 1.98) | < 0.001 | 1.37 (1.09, 1.74) | 0.008 |
| Operative site | ||||||
| Lower abdominal | 295 (5.0) | 5562 (95.0) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||
| Upper abdominal | 114 (8.7) | 1193 (91.3) | 1.80 (1.43, 2.25) | < 0.001 | 1.62 (1.14, 2.30) | 0.007 |
| Thoracoabdominal | 81 (34.0) | 157 (66.0) | 9.73 (7.24, 13.00) | < 0.001 | 10.56 (6.74, 16.54) | < 0.001 |
| Operative complexity | ||||||
| Intermediate/aajor | 270 (5.3) | 4824 (94.7) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||
| Complex major | 220 (9.5) | 2088 (90.5) | 1.88 (1.56, 2.26) | < 0.001 | 0.86 (0.63, 1.19) | 0.360 |
Values in parentheses are percentages unless indicated otherwise.
*
Values in parentheses are 95 per cent confidence intervals. SARS-COV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Number in model = 6644, number of groups = 493, Akaike information criterion = 2646.2, C-statistic = 0.852.