. 2023 Jul 10;11:1160088. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1160088

Table 2.

Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and confidence intervals (95% CI) for predictors of health insurance coverage by its types, (n=608,417).

	Any insurance		Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana		State insurance		Employer provided		Privately purchased		Other insurance
	AOR	95% CI	AOR	95% CI	AOR	95% CI	AOR	95% CI	AOR	95% CI	AOR	95% CI
	n = 608,417
Wealth quintile
Lowest	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Second	1.2^***	[1.1–1.2]	1.1^***	[1–1.1]	1.3^***	[1.2–1.3]	1.2^***	[1.1–1.6]	1.5^***	[1.2–1.9]	1.1^***	[1.1–1.2]
Third	1.2^***	[1.2–1.2]	1.1^***	[1.1–1.2]	1.4^***	[1.4–1.5]	1.5^***	[1.4–2.1]	2.7^***	[2.2–3.3]	1^***	[1–1.1]
Fourth	1.2^***	[1.2–1.2]	1.1^***	[1–1.2]	1.5^***	[1.4–1.5]	2^***	[1.9–3.7]	4.4^***	[3.6–5.3]	0.9^*	[0.9–1]
Highest	1.3^***	[1.3–1.4]	0.8^***	[0.7–0.8]	1.3^***	[1.2–1.4]	3.5^***	[3.3–0.8]	12.2^***	[10.0–14.6]	0.8^***	[0.8–0.9]
Years of education (household head)
Illiterate	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
1 to 4 years	1.1^***	[1.1–1.1]	1^***	[1–1.1]	1.0^**	[1–1]	1.1^***	[1.1–1.2]	1.2^**	[1–1.4]	1.1^***	[1–1.1]
5 to 9 years	1.0^***	[1–1]	1.0^*	[0.9–1]	0.9	[0.9–1]	1.2^***	[1.1–1.6]	1.4^***	[1.2–1.5]	1^***	[1–1.1]
10 to 12 years	1.0^*	[1–1]	0.8^***	[0.8–0.9]	0.8^***	[0.8–0.9]	1.5^***	[1.4–2.5]	2^***	[1.8–2.2]	0.9	[0.9–1]
12 years or more	1.1^***	[1–1.1]	0.6^***	[0.6–0.6]	0.7^***	[0.7–0.8]	2.4^***	[2.2–1.4]	3.8^***	[3.3–4.3]	0.8^***	[0.7–0.8]
Social category
Scheduled caste	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Scheduled tribe	0.8^***	[0.8–0.8]	0.8^***	[0.8–0.9]	0.9	[0.9–1]	1^**	[1–0.8]	1	[0.8–1.1]	0.7^***	[0.7–0.7]
Other backward castes	0.8^***	[0.8–0.8]	0.8^***	[0.8–0.8]	0.9^***	[0.9–0.9]	0.8^***	[0.8–0.9]	1.3^***	[1.2–1.5]	0.7^***	[0.7–0.8]
General	0.7^***	[0.7–0.7]	0.7^***	[0.6–0.7]	0.7^***	[0.7–0.8]	0.9^***	[0.8–0.8]	1.9^***	[1.7–2.1]	0.6^***	[0.6–0.7]
Do not know	0.5^***	[0.5–0.6]	0.6^***	[0.5–0.7]	0.6^***	[0.5–0.6]	0.6^***	[0.5–1]	1	[0.7–1.5]	0.6^***	[0.5–0.7]
Place of residence
Urban	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Rural	1.2^***	[1.2–1.3]	1.3^***	[1.2–1.4]	1.4^***	[1.3–1.5]	0.8^***	[0.7–1.1]	0.8^***	[0.7–0.8]	1	[0.9–1]
Age (household head)
Less than 30	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
30 to 44	1.6^***	[1.6–1.7]	1.4^***	[1.3–1.5]	1.6^***	[1.5–1.7]	1.3^***	[1.2–1.7]	1.3^***	[1.1–1.5]	1.5^***	[1.5–1.6]
45 to 59	2.1^***	[2.1–2.2]	1.8^***	[1.7–1.9]	2.2^***	[2.1–2.3]	1.6^***	[1.5–1.8]	1.5^***	[1.2–1.7]	1.7^***	[1.6–1.8]
60 to 74	1.9^***	[1.9–2]	1.6^***	[1.5–1.8]	2.0^***	[1.9–2.1]	1.6^***	[1.5–1.8]	1.4^***	[1.2–1.6]	1.6^***	[1.5–1.6]
75 and above	1.7^***	[1.7–1.8]	1.4^***	[1.3–1.6]	1.7^***	[1.6–1.9]	1.7^***	[1.6–1.3]	1.6^***	[1.3–2]	1.4^***	[1.3–1.5]
Religion
Hindu	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Muslim	0.7^***	[0.7–0.8]	0.7^***	[0.7–0.8]	0.8^***	[0.8–0.9]	0.6^***	[0.5–0.9]	0.4^***	[0.4–0.5]	0.8^***	[0.8–0.9]
Others	0.9	[0.9–1]	0.8^***	[0.7–0.9]	1.0^*	[1–1.1]	0.9^*	[0.8–1.1]	1.2^***	[1.1–1.3]	0.9	[0.9–1]
Household size
Four or less	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
More than four	1.1^***	[1.1–1.2]	1.1^***	[1.1–1.2]	1.1^***	[1.1–1.1]	1	[0.9–0]	1.1^***	[1–1.1]	1.2^***	[1.1–1.2]
Gender (household head)
Male	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Female	1.0	[0.9–1]	0.9^*	[0.9–0.9]	0.9^*	[0.9–1]	1^***	[0.9–1.1]	0.9	[0.8–1]	1	[0.9–1]
Marital status (household head)
Currently unmarried	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
Currently married	1.1^***	[1–1.1]	1**	[1–1.1]	1.0^**	[1–1]	1.1^***	[1–1.2]	0.9	[0.8–1]	1.1^***	[1.1–1.1]
Constant	0.2^***	[0.2–0.3]	0.02^***	[0.02–0.03]	0.03^***	[0.2–0.4]	0.007^***	[0.005–0.007]	0^***	[0–0]	0.06^***	[0.05–0.07]

Level of significance: ^***p < 0.001; ^**p < 0.01; ^*p < 0.05.Note: Estimates based on random intercept four level logistic regression.