Figure 1.

Lower CEN-DMN Resting-state Functional Connectivity Suppressed the Relationship between Cingulum Bundle Volume and Positive Emotionality. The plot displays the significant, negative relationship between cingulum bundle (CB) volume and positive emotionality (ß=−0.263, p=0.031), i.e., the direct effect (c’). Schematic depictions of the mediation analyses with resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC/Anterior Central Executive Network, CEN) seed (Top) and the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC/Posterior Default Mode Network, DMN) seed (Bottom) depict the negative relationships (red arrows) of the a (CB volume-rsFC) and b (rsFC-PE) arms of the mediations. Images depict suppression effects (light blue) of dlPFC/Anterior CEN connectivity with predominantly DMN regions: middle temporal gyrus (MTG), angular gyrus (AG) and precuneus (PC), and suppression effects of PCC/Posterior DMN connectivity with a CEN region, the middle frontal gyrus (MFG). Thus, lower CEN-DMN/DMN-CEN connectivity suppressed the otherwise negative relationship between CB volume and infant PE (p_{FWE-corrected} < 0.05).