Figure 2.

Lower OFC-Amygdala and OFC-DMN Resting-state Functional Connectivity Suppressed the Relationship between Uncinate Fasciculus Volume and Negative Emotionality While Greater OFC-DMN and OFC-CEN Connectivity Mediated This Relationship. The plot displays the significant, negative relationship between uncinate fasciculus (UF) volume and negative emotionality (ß=−0.296, p=0.022), i.e., the direct effect (c’). Schematic depictions of the mediation analyses with resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) seed depict the negative (Top, red arrow) and positive relationships (Bottom, green arrow) of the a (UF volume-OFC rsFC) arm, and the negative relationships (red arrows) of the b (OFC rsFC-NE) arms of the mediations. Top: Images depict suppression effects (blue) of OFC connectivity with the amygdala and DMN regions, including inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and middle temporal gyrus (MTG). Thus, lower OFC-amygdala and OFC-DMN connectivity suppressed the otherwise negative relationship between UF volume and infant NE. Bottom: Images depict mediation effects (light green) of OFC connectivity with DMN regions: superior frontal gyrus (SFG) and angular gyrus (AG), and CEN regions: supramarginal gyrus (SMG) and middle frontal gyrus (MFG). Thus, greater OFC-DMN and OFC-CEN connectivity mediated the negative relationship between UF volume and infant NE (p_{FWE-corrected} < 0.05).