Table 5.

Overview of system design of clinical decision support systems for tele–case management and tele-education.

Study (intervention), patient characteristics			Clinical decision support system													Outcomes of intervention
			Software/hardware		Source of input		Input		Task		Output (content)		Output users (decision-makers shown in italics)
Tele–case management
	McDonald 2019 et al [36] (MedSafer), patients aged ≥65 years with polypharmacy			Admission notes, EHRsa		Clinic visits, past hospitalization, past medical history, disease conditions		Identify deprescribing rules; screen for prescriptions; choose medication lists		Medication tapering instructions, patient education materials		Patients, caregivers, community pharmacists, community physicians		Increased documentation of patients with potentially inappropriate medications, slightly fewer ADEsb
	Marcolino et al [35], patients with HT and DM	Application/computer		Data registry from health care professionals		Symptoms, medical history, physical examination, current medications, laboratory results and other complementary examinations		Screen for disease; confirm diagnosis; suggest clinical recommendation		Alerts and reminders of important clinical issues, recommendations for clinical management		Patients, health care professionals		All users were satisfied with the program
Tele-education
	McDonald et al [36] 2019 (MedSafer), patients aged ≥65 years with polypharmacy	N/Ac		Admission notes, EHRs		Clinic visits, past hospitalization, past medical history, disease conditions		Identify deprescribing rules; screen for prescriptions; choose medication lists		Medication tapering instructions, patient education materials		Patients, caregivers, community pharmacists, community physicians		Increased documentation of patients with potentially inappropriate medications, slightly fewer ADEs

^aEHR: electronic health record.

^bADE: adverse drug event.

^cN/A: not available.