Table 2.
Main characteristics of GATEKEEPER’s reference use cases (RUCs).
| RUC | Target study population | Main objective | Potential KETsa | Implementation sites |
| RUC1: Lifestyle-related early detection and interventions | • Older healthy citizens • Older citizens at risk of chronic diseases or mental impairment |
• Health promotion • Early detection |
• Self-management app, enabling healthy lifestyle promotion or digital coach • Monitoring devices (physical activity, blood pressure, etc) |
• Attica (Greece) • Central Greece (Greece) • Aragon (Spain) • Basque Country (Spain) • Hong Kong (China) • Milton Keynes (United Kingdom) • Lodz (Poland) • Puglia (Italy) • Saxony (Germany) • Singapore • Taiwan |
| RUC2: COPDb exacerbations management | • Older patients with COPD participating in regional programs | • Remote monitoring of COPD signs and symptoms • Predictive modeling for early decompensation detection • Early intervention |
• Monitoring devices (physical activity, blood pressure, etc) • Self-management app, enabling healthy lifestyle promotion, or digital coach • Professionals platform or dashboard |
• Aragon (Spain) • Puglia (Italy) • Singapore |
| RUC3: Diabetes, predictive modeling of glycemic status | • Older patients with diabetes • Older citizens with poor metabolic control and associated comorbidities |
• Remote continuous monitoring of glycemic status • Predictive modeling for early decompensation detection • Early intervention • Healthy lifestyle promotion |
• Continuous glucose monitoring system • Self-management app, enabling healthy lifestyle promotion or digital coach • Professionals platform or dashboard |
• Basque Country (Spain) • Central Greece (Greece) • Puglia (Italy) • Singapore |
| RUC4: PDc treatment decision support system | • Older patients with moderate or advanced PD (moderate motor symptoms, limitations in Activities of daily living, and good response to conventional pharmacologic therapy) | • Improved self-management • Remote monitoring of motor and nonmotor complications • Predictive modeling of indication of second line therapies • Early intervention |
• Holter-type device measuring PD symptoms • Electronic pill boxes • Monitoring devices (physical activity, blood pressure, etc) • Cognitive, behavioral, and mood screening app • Professionals platform or dashboard |
• Basque Country (Spain) |
| RUC5: Predicting readmissions and decompensations in HFd | • Older patients with HF participating in regional programs | • Remote monitoring of HF signs and symptoms • Predictive modeling for early decompensation detection • Early intervention |
• Monitoring devices (physical activity, blood pressure, etc) • Self-management app, enabling healthy lifestyle promotion or digital coach • Professionals platform or dashboard |
• Aragon (Spain) • Puglia (Italy) |
| RUC6: Primary and secondary stroke prevention | • Older patients at high risk of stroke • Older patients with a stroke |
• Health education and empowerment for patients and carers • Early identification of stroke signs • Early intervention • Healthy lifestyle promotion |
• Advanced educational tools (including virtual or augmented reality) • Monitoring devices (physical activity, blood pressure, etc) • Self-management app, enabling healthy lifestyle promotion and cognitive or behavioral status screening or digital coach • Professionals platform or dashboard |
• Basque Country (Spain) • Hong Kong (China) |
| RUC7: Multichronic older patient management including polymedication | • Older patients with multiple chronic diseases • Older patients with cancer or cancer survivors • Older patients with suspected or at risk of mental-health impairment |
• Health promotion • Implementation or enhancement of CCMe. • Remote monitoring of signs and symptoms • Predictive modeling for early decompensation detection (physical, mental, and social) • Early intervention |
• Self-management app, enabling healthy lifestyle promotion or digital coach • Electronic pill-boxes • Monitoring devices (physical activity, blood pressure...) • Professionals platform or dashboard |
• Aragon (Spain) • Basque Country (Spain) • Cyprus • Milton Keynes and Bangor (United Kingdom) • Lodz (Poland) • Puglia (Italy) • Saxony (Germany) |
| RUC8: eHealth solutions for the management of high blood pressure | • Older citizens with HBPf participating in regional programs | • Health promotion • Remote monitoring of blood pressure • Predictive modeling for early decompensation detection • Early intervention |
• Self-management app, enabling healthy lifestyle promotion or digital coach • Monitoring devices (physical activity, blood pressure, etc) • Professionals platform or dashboard |
• Puglia (Italy) • Hong Kong (China) |
| RUC9: eHealth solutions for the management of COVID-19 | • Older citizens affected with mild to moderate COVID-19 (not requiring hospitalization or already discharged) • Older healthy citizens affected by pandemic-management measures |
• Remote monitoring of COVID-19 signs • Management of self-isolation and self-referral for support • Predictive modeling for early decompensation detection • Early intervention • Population-based management of COVID-19 • Population-based management of the social impact of COVID-19 |
• Monitoring devices (physical activity, blood pressure, etc) • Self-management app, enabling self-monitoring, medical education and health literacy, and communication with health or social care professionals or community-based support organizations • Professionals platform or dashboard (for health or social or community carers) |
• Aragon (Spain) • Milton Keynes (United Kingdom) |
aKET: key enabling technology.
bCOPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
cPD: Parkinson disease.
dHF: heart failure.
eCCM: chronic care models.
fHBP: high blood pressure.