Table 1. Baseline characteristics of study patients.
| Total cohort ( n = 825) | Provoked DVT ( n = 353) | Unprovoked DVT ( n = 472) | p -Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age in years, median (IQR) | 60 (47–72) | 52 (42–66) | 65 (54–74) | <0.001 a |
| Male, n (%) | 424 (51.4) | 112 (31.7) | 312 (66.1) | <0.001 a |
| BMI in kg/m 2 , median (IQR) | 27 (24–30) | 28 (24–30) | 27 (25–30) | 0.984 |
| Clinical characteristics | ||||
| Iliofemoral DVT, n (%) | 202 (24.5) | 90 (25.5) | 112 (23.7) | 0.559 |
| Bilateral DVT, n (%) | 8 (1.0) | 3 (0.8) | 5 (1.1) | 0.761 |
| Previous VTE, n (%) | 145 (17.6) | 41 (11.6) | 104 (22.0) | <0.001 a |
| Family history of VTE, n (%) | 236 (29.5) | 104 (30.2) | 132 (28.9) | 0.693 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 198 (24.4) | 83 (24.0) | 115 (24.7) | 0.821 |
| Venous insufficiency, n (%) | 87 (10.5) | 29 (8.2) | 58 (12.3) | 0.059 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Active cancer, n (%) | 24 (2.9) | 11 (3.1) | 13 (2.8) | 0.760 |
| Hematologic disease, n (%) | 18 (2.2) | 7 (2.0) | 11 (2.3) | 0.735 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 57 (6.9) | 24 (6.8) | 33 (7.0) | 0.914 |
| Chronic heart failure, n (%) | 16 (1.9) | 4 (1.1) | 12 (2.5) | 0.146 |
| Cardiovascular risk factors | ||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 253 (30.7) | 85 (24.1) | 168 (35.6) | <0.001 a |
| Hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 119 (14.4) | 38 (10.8) | 81 (17.2) | 0.010 a |
| Antiplatelet drug use, n (%) | 85 (10.3) | 34 (9.6) | 51 (10.8) | 0.583 |
| Transient provoking factors | ||||
| Surgery or major trauma, n (%) | – | 155 (43.9) | – | – |
| Long-distance travel, n (%) | – | 52 (14.7) | – | – |
| Immobilization, n (%) | – | 90 (25.5) | – | – |
| Pregnancy or puerperium, n (%) | – | 11 (3.1) | – | – |
| Estrogen therapy, n (%) | – | 127 (36.0) | – | – |
| Multiple factors, n (%) | – | 71 (20.1) | – | – |
| Anticoagulant therapy | ||||
| Vitamin K antagonist, n (%) | 677 (82.6) | 289 (82.3) | 388 (82.7) | 0.902 |
| Direct oral anticoagulant, n (%) | 101 (12.3) | 46 (13.1) | 55 (11.7) | 0.550 |
| LMWH, n (%) | 42 (5.1) | 16 (4.6) | 26 (5.5) | 0.528 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; DVT, deep vein thrombosis; IQR, interquartile range; LMWH, low molecular weight heparin; VTE, venous thromboembolism.
a
Thrombophilia markers were not routinely ordered and are therefore not reported.