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. 2023 Jul 10;10:1151670. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1151670

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Copyright © 2023 Littlejohn, Bar-Yoseph, Edwards, Li, Ramirez-Contreras, Holani, Metcalfe-Roach, Fan, Yang, Radisavljevic, Hu, Johnson and Finlay.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Model design, micronutrient depletion and impact on host physiology. (A) Newly weaned 3-week-old C57BL/6N mice were placed on a multiple low-micronutrient (LM) or experimental control (CON) diet for four weeks. (B–F) Micronutrients [iron in liver tissues, serum folate and vitamin B12, retinal (vitamin A)] and zinc in liver were markedly lower in LM mice. (G–M) Complete blood count: hematocrit (Hct), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), reticulocyte to hemoglobin (Ret/hgb) ratio revealed diet-induced anemia in the LM mice. Data analyzed using Student’s t-test and represented as mean ± SEM, p values expressed as *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, ns, not significant p > 0.05.