Table 3.
History of prescription medicine use in the AA and matched non-AA cohortsa
| Characteristic, n (%) | AA cohort (n = 8784) | Non-AA cohort (n = 26,352) | AT/AU subtype (n = 599) | Non-AT/AU subtype (n = 8185) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Janus kinase inhibitorsb | 13 (0.1) | 9 (< 0.1) | 3 (0.5) | 10 (0.1) |
| Other drugs used in dermatologyc | 111 (1.3) | 112 (0.4) | 8 (1.3) | 103 (1.3) |
| Systemic steroids | 3761 (42.8) | 6414 (24.3) | 273 (45.6) | 3488 (42.6) |
| Immunomodulators | 666 (7.6) | 1075 (4.1) | 70 (11.7) | 596 (7.3) |
| Antidiabetic agents | 569 (6.5) | 2075 (7.9) | 52 (8.7) | 517 (6.3) |
| Lipid-modifying agents | 1328 (15.1) | 3912 (14.8) | 122 (20.4) | 1206 (14.7) |
| Antihypertensive agents | 2055 (23.4) | 5693 (21.6) | 199 (33.2) | 1856 (22.7) |
| Hormone replacement therapy | 79 (0.9) | 152 (0.6) | 5 (0.8) | 74 (0.9) |
| Oral contraceptives | 633 (7.2) | 1298 (4.9) | 44 (7.3) | 589 (7.2) |
AA alopecia areata, AT alopecia totalis, AU alopecia universalis
aHistory of prescription medications was determined during the 12 months prior to the index date
bTofacitinib, baricitinib, upadacitinib, filgotinib, ruxolitinib
cAlefacept, certolizumab, etanercept, adalimumab, infliximab, golimumab, ustekinumab, apremilast, secukinumab, tildrakizumab, brodalumab, risankizumab, ixekizumab, guselkumab, dupilumab