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. 2023 Jul 24;14:4455. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-40149-5

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — Osteogenic marker (osteocalcin, OCN) or osteoclasts marker (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, TRAP) was stained by immunohistochemistry or TRAP assay. a Representative images of bone remodeling at docking sites. Arrows indicate TRAP-positive osteoclasts. b Representative images of bone remodeling at regenerate sites. c Semi-quantitative results of OCN positive expression area at the docking sites (n = 5 independent rats per group). d Semi-quantitative results of TRAP-positive osteoclasts numbers per bone surface (Oc.N/BS) at the docking sites (n = 5 independent rats per group). Data are presented as scatter dot plot with mean and s.e.m. values. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. Source data are provided as a Source data file.