Fig. 8. The biological effect of DO and (IMI + B2) during the early stage of bone regeneration.

a Schematic illustration of the animal experiment. b Representative X-ray images of each group at POD13. c–g Volcano plots of differentially expressed genes by microarray analysis (n = 3 independent experiments per group). h Heatmap analysis of the cell type markers for osteoblasts/osteocytes, chondrocytes, osteoclasts, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). The expression level of genes was quantified by microarray data; Blue, low expression; red, high expression. i Heatmap analysis of the gene expression related to BMP, WNT, TGF-β, and HH signaling. Source data are provided as a Source data file.